Module 1: Success in Intro & General Theories in Psychology

Question 1

CLASS MEETING OBJECTIVES

Question 2

Biosocial Theory (evolution & physiology)

Answer 2

• Thought and Behavior are inherited
  Genetic Chaos
  -natural variation: not looking exactly the same
• random mutation: different colored fur or different color eyes
• Genetic dispositions determine thought and behavior
  An approach that explains how personality and human behavior are influenced by social or environment factors

Question 3

Socio-cultural

Answer 3

• Group defines “normal” and “true”
• “Normal” determines thought and behavior
  Examples: peer pressure or indulging in drugs

Question 4

Learning Theory (Behaviorism)

Answer 4

Organisms seek pleasure and avoid pain

• Pleasure = biological/psychological need
• Pain = something harmful

Behavior is determined by its outcome
Ex: discipline used for children

Question 5

Social Cognitive Theory

Answer 5

Thought and Behavior are determined by:

• Beliefs (knowledge in your memory)
• Expectations (ex: assumptions, predictions)
• Attitudes (the way you feel about things)
• Motivations (ex: what you want, your goals)

Question 6

What are the ABC’s of Psychology

Answer 6

A - Affect
B - Behavior
C - Cognition

Question 7

What is psychology?

Answer 7

Psychology is the scientific study of affect (feelings), behavior, and cognition (mental processes such as thoughts)
The scientific study of the mind and behavior

Question 8

What is the role of a clinical psychologists do?

Answer 8

• Clinical psychologists: asses and treat mental, emotional, and behavioral disorders

Question 9

What is the role of a school psychologist do?

Answer 9

School psychologists: assess and counsel students, consult with parents and staff, and provide behavioral interventions when necessary

Question 10

What is the role of a industrial/organizational psychologists?

Answer 10

• Industrial/organizational psychologists: apply psychological principles to the workplace

Question 11

What is the role of a neuropsychologists?

Answer 11

-Neuropsychologists: explore the relationships between the brain and behavior; how thought and behavior can be explained by activity in the brain

Question 12

What is the difference between “fixed” and “growth” mindsets?

Answer 12

A “fixed” mindset is believing that intelligence and talent is fixed or carved in stone.
- A “growth” mindset is believing that intelligence, talent, and skills can grow and develop.

Question 13

What is self-handicapping?

Answer 13

A self-sabotaging action or choice that prevents people from taking personal responsibility for outcomes

Question 14

Ego Oriented

Answer 14

Striving to perform better than classmates and developing a superior ability

Question 15

Task oriented

Answer 15

Focused on accomplishing a goal or job

Question 16

How does meditation improve academic performance?

Answer 16

• Improves mental clarity
• Improves self-discipline
• Increases focus and concentration

Question 17

How did researchers test the effects of mindfulness?

Answer 17

Researchers found that the experimental effect of mindfulness meditation on academic performance stronger in classes with more FRESHMAN than classes with SENIORS.

Question 18

What is inattentional blindness?

Answer 18

When we focus our attention on one thing and fail to notice everything else that is going on.