Module 1 - Skeleton And Upper Limb Flashcards
How many Cervical Vertebrae are usually found in a human body?
Seven
How many Thoracic vertebrae are usually found in a human body?
Twelve (12)
How many Lumbar vertebrae are usually found in a human body?
Five (5)
How many Sacral vertebrae are usually found in a human body?
Five fused vertebrae
The spinal cord passes through which two features of the human vertebrae?
What is this hole called?
the anterior “body” and the posterior “vertebral arch”
This is called the Vertebral Foramen
Generally speaking, which 4 features make up the vertebral arch in humans?
- Pedicles
- Transverse Processes
- Laminae
- Superior and Inferior articular processes
The axial skeleton comprises (5 components):
- Skull
- Hyoid Bone
- Vertebral column
- sternum
- ribs
What are the anatomical planes?
- Sagittal
- Coronal / Frontal
- Transverse / Horizontal
What standardised position do all anatomists and clinicians refer to for the basis for describing gross anatomy? (Show)
The anatomical position
(The person stands erect with their head facing forwards, their feet pointing forwards and their hands at their sides with the palms facing forward)
Give 4 examples of typical classifications of bones and 2 other classifications of bones
- Long bones
-short bones
-flat bones
-irregular bones
(Also suture bones aka Wormian bones and sesamoid bones)
Identify this vertebrae:
- Small, oval shaped body
- short, wide transverse process
- foramina transversaria
- laminae and bifid spine
- large, rounded superior and inferior articular processes
Cervical Vertebrae
Which vertebrae are the Atlas and Axis?
C1 = Atlas C2 = Axis
What main feature is absent in C1 vertebra?
A body
Name the bones of the pectoral girdle
The clavicles (left and right) and the scapulae (left and right)
The clavicle attaches the scapula to the sternum and restricts the scapula’s range of motion. How would a broken clavicle affect the mobility of the scapula?
When the clavicle is broken the scapula:
- has a greater than normal range of motion
- is less stable
