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D2: 622 Endo > Module 1: Pulp Biology Lecture > Flashcards

Module 1: Pulp Biology Lecture Flashcards

1
Q

What week of life does the first invagination of the oral epithelium occur?

A

6th

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2
Q

What are the three stages of tooth development

A

Bud
Cap
Bell

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3
Q

What are the three structures of the Developing tooth bud

A

Enamel Organ
Dental Papilla
Dental Follicle/Dental Sac

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4
Q

Which of the three developmental structures is made of ectodermal cells

A

Enamel Organ

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5
Q

What cells are formed from the enamel organ

A

ameloblasts

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6
Q

What cells are formed from the dental papilla

A

odontoblasts

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7
Q

What cells are formed from the Dental Follicle

A

Osteoblasts
Cementoblasts
Fibroblasts

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8
Q

During the bell stage, what is deposited first, enamel or dentin?

A

Dentin, which in turn stimulates ameloblasts to deposit enamel

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9
Q

What is the approximate percentage of hydroxyapatite in dentin?

A

70%

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10
Q

What is the primary organic component of Dentin

A

Type I Collagen (20%)

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11
Q

Which is deposited faster, Secondary or Primary Dentin?

A

Primary

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12
Q

Where is predentin located?

A

Between Odontoblasts and circumpulpal dentin

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13
Q

Is the dentin tubule wider at the pulp or at the DEJ?

A

Pulp

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14
Q

Is there a greater density of tubules at the pulp or at the DEJ?

A

Pulp

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15
Q

Are dentin tubules more permeable at the DEJ or near the pulp?

A

Pulp

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16
Q

What makes up the bulk of all dentin, Intertubular or Intratubular?

A

Intertubular

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17
Q

Which sub-type of dentin is harder? Inter or Intratubular?

A

Intratubular

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18
Q

Which sub-type of dentin is more quickly dissolved by acids?

A

Intratubular due to higher percentage of mineralization

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19
Q

What can cause post-operative dentinal sensitivity?

A

Opening of the tubules due to acid etching

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20
Q

What is the earliest response of dentin to carious infection?

A

Occluding of dentin tubules via mineral deposition (limiting permeability)

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21
Q

What is dentinal fluid exactly?

A

An ultrafiltrate of blood from the pulpal capillaries found inside the dentin tubules

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22
Q

What is the outermost layer of the pulp?

A

The odontoblastic layer

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23
Q

What is housed in the odontoblastic layer?

A

Odontoblast cell bodies

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24
Q

What is housed in the Cell Free Zone of Weil?

A

The Subodontoblastic nerve plexus of Raschkow and the blood vesell plexus

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25
Q

What are the prominent cell of the cell rich zone?

A

Fibroblasts
Stem Cells
Dendritic Cells
Macrophages

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26
Q

What is the pulp proper?

A

The bulk of the pulp, inner core

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27
Q

What is the most common cell in the pulp proper?

A

Fibroblast

28
Q

What type of collagen do odontoblasts produce?

A

Type I

And a tiny bit of Type 5

29
Q

What do fibroblasts secrete?

A

Type I and III Collagen

Proteoglycans/GAGs (Ground Substance)

30
Q

Dendritic cells present Antigens to T Helper cells during what type of immune response

A

Adaptive

31
Q

When is the only time you would expect to see a mast cell in the pulp tissue?

A

When the pulp has already been injured

32
Q

What type of T lymphocytes are associated with Type IV delayed hypersensitivity?

A

T Memory Cells

33
Q

Are there arteries and/or veins in the pulp?

A

No. Trick Question.

Arterioles and Venules are the largest blood vessels in the pulp

34
Q

What artery supplies the blood for the mandibular teeth?

A

Inferior alveolar artery

35
Q

What artery supplies the blood for the posterior maxillary teeth

A

Posterior Superior Alveolar

36
Q

What artery supplies the blood for the anterior maxillary teeth?

A

Infraorbital Artery

37
Q

Blood from the teeth drain in to one of these two veins?

A 
Facial (anteriorly)
Maxillary Vein (Posteriorly)
38
Q

What effect due the pulpal lymphatics typically have on the interstitial fluid pressure

A

they lower it

39
Q

What neurotransmitter causes the vasoconstriction of pulpal blood vessels

A

Norepi

40
Q

When a pulp is inflammed, sensory neurons will release these two transmitters in order to DILATE the pulpal blood vessels and increase vascular permeability. This is called neurogenic inflammation

A

SP

CGRP

41
Q

What was the Self Strangulation Theory

A

Increase in pulpal tissue pressure would strangulate vessels leading the ischemia. THIS IS NOT TRUE!

42
Q

What saves the pulp from succumbing to the debunked self strangulation theory?

A

Capillaries have the ability to shunt blood to a localized area of injury so that the entire pulp is not subjected to increased pressure levels

43
Q

What percent of the nerve fibers in the pulp are myelinated?

A

20%

44
Q

Are the myelinated axons A-fibers or C-fibers?

A

myelinAted

45
Q

What percent of the myelinAted axons are slow speed alpha delta fibers

A

90%

46
Q

What are the high speed myelinated fibers called?

A

Alpha Beta

47
Q

Where do the A-fibers terminate?

A

Around odontoblasts (under, adjacent, in tubules)

48
Q

Where do the C-fibers terminate

A

In the pulp proper

49
Q

Which of the pulpal nerve fibers can transmit pain?

A

All of them

50
Q

Which fibers have a low threshold and are responsible for a sharp pricking type pain

A

A-Delta

51
Q

What fibers are responsible for the dull, aching, throbbing pain?

A

C Fibers

52
Q

According to the hydrodynamic theory how do the A fibers in the dentin tubules tell cold stimuli from hot?

A

Cold stimuli produces a net outward flow of dentinal fluid

53
Q

Besides cold, what else causes a net outward flow?

A

Air

Hyper-Osmotic (Sugar solution)

54
Q

Which is more painful, cold (outward) or heat (inward)

A

COLD (outward)

55
Q

So then what fibers are activated using cold testing?

A

A-Delta due to outward dentin fluid flow

56
Q

What percent of teeth have pulp stones of some type?

A

50%

57
Q

Out of cellularity, vascularity, innervation, and number/thickness of collagen; which is the only one that increases with age?

A

Number and thickness of collagen

58
Q

What type of cementum is at the CEJ?

A

Acellular

59
Q

What type of acellular cementum is only found on the coronal half of the root?

A

Acellular Extrinsic

60
Q

Where is the cellular Cementum?

A

In the CELLar (Apical)

61
Q

What cells are unique to the PDL

A 
Cementoblasts
Odontoclasts
Osteoblasts
Osteoblasts
Epithelial Rest Cells of Melassez
62
Q

Why can patients more easily identify teeth with apical periodontitis?

A

Because the PDL has a higher percentage of A-Beta sensory fibers

63
Q

What type of bone is the alveolar bone proper

A

Compact Lamellar

64
Q

What is the difference between bundle bone and the lamina dura?

A

None. The lamina dura is what it is called on a radiograph

65
Q

What does a radiographic loss of lamina dura indicate?

A

Periapical inflammation

D2: 622 Endo (5 decks)

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