MODULE 1 (prelim) Flashcards
The term Philosophy was first introduced by ________ and was the one who coined the term “Philosophia”
Pythagoras
derived from two Greek words Philia meaning “_______” or “friendship” and Sophia meaning “______”.
Philia meaning “love”;
Sophia meaning “wisdom”
philosophy means “______”.
“Love of Wisdom”
Philosophy is the “love of wisdom” or “_________”.
“the quest of truth”
a philosopher considers humans from the point of view of their inner life.
SOCRATES
The famous line of Socrates
“Know thyself”
the first philosopher whoever engaged in a systematic questioning about the self. It is known today as Socratic Questioning.
SOCRATES
The core of Socratic ethics is the concept of _____ and ______.
virtue and knowledge.
is the deepest and most basic propensity of humans.
VIRTUE
The famous Socratic irony “_______” means that wisdom can be attained by claiming that one does not know.
“I know that I know not
For Socrates, one can only know one’s self, if one engages in meditation and contemplation.
“the unexamined life is not worth living.”
Socrates thought that this is the worst that can happen to anyone:
“to live but die inside”
For Socrates, every human being is composed of the ____ and ____. This means that every human person is dualistic
body and soul
it is the state of our soul, or our inner being, which determines the quality of our life is according to ____
Socrates
According to ____, humans were omniscient or all- knowing before they came to be born into this world.
Plato
Ideal Self, The Perfect Self
Plato
Plato viewed human’s souls as having three parts namely the:
rational soul
the spirited soul
the appetitive soul.
______ refers to the mind or intellect which pertains to the thinking portion of the human.
rational soul
refers to the volition of will which carries out the dictates of reason in practical life.
spirited soul
refers to the emotion or desire that enables humans to feel many things.
appetitive soul
held that the true self of human beings is the reason or the intellect that constitutes their soul and that is separable from their body.
aristotle
insisted that the human being is a composite of body and soul and that the soul cannot be separated from the body.
Aristotle
Aristotle’s philosophy of self was constructed in terms of _____ in which the soul of a human being is the form or the structure of the human body or the human matter,
hylomorphism
According to Aristotle, Self is composed of:
● Affects (affectivity, emotions)
● Own (property)
● Perceptions
● Knowledge
● Centre (ego, “I”)
Aristotle’s argument:
A. Soul – the principle which causes movement
B. Movement – life is a movement
C. Humans are a combinations of body (matter) and soul (form) > soul
actualizes body (matter)
D. Essence – what makes you, you.
E. Self-Nutrition and Reproductions
- autonomic biological systems = life = begins/generates & corrupts (dies)
F. Perception
