Module 1: Plants Flashcards
What group are land plants and what did they descend from?
- monophyletic
- green algae
What 2 groups are land plants divided into?
- bryophytes (non vascular)
- vascular
One example of Bryophytes and one example of Vascular?
- Bryophytes: liverworts
- Vascular: gymnosperms
What are 3 characteristics of bryophytes (non vascular) plants?
- lack roots
- may tolerate desiccation
- rely on surface water for photosynthesis and reproduction
Desiccation
excessive water loss
What are 3 characteristics of vascular terrestrial plants?
- desiccation
- can pull water from soil via transpiration
- dominate most terrestrial habitats due to their ability to control water uptake and loss
What 4 things do land plants need?
- light
- CO2
- water
- mineral nutrients
Land plants go through adaptations to obtain resources from ______ and ______ the ground.
- above
- below
Leaves are the main site of?
photosynthesis
3 major tissues of the leaf?
- epidermis
- mesophyll
- veins
Air space within the leaf is connected to external air via ______ in the leaf.
- pores
- ex. stomata
Why do mesophyll cells near the upper surface of the leaf have a column like arrangement?
- increases light interception
Why do mesophyll cells near the stomata (bottom of the leaf) have a honeycomb like arrangement?
- allows CO2 to spread easily throughout the leaf
Transpiration
- evaporative loss of water vapour from leaves
During transpiration, CO2 moves into leaves by ________ through the ______. It is driven by ___________ __________.
- diffusion
- stomata
- concentration gradient
