MODULE 1: PART 1 Flashcards
These are axially loaded members stresses in tension and are used in steel structures in various forms.
Tension Members
It is simple the total cross-sectional area of the member.
Gross Area
The __________ accounts for the non uniform stress distribution when some of the elements of a tension member are not directly connected, such as a single angle or WT member
Shear Lag Factor
A failure wherein the tension member ruptures in both shear and tension
Block Shear
AISCM gives examples of connections with uniform and non-uniform tension stress distribution, but the most common case is to have a uniform stress distribution and, therefore, Ubs =_____for most cases.
1.0
TRUE or FALSE
The properties od steel do not change as oppose to concrete.
TRUE
The value of the reduction factor for computing the Block Shear strength is __________.
0.75
Steel sections produced by passing red-hot blooms or billet steel through rolls until the desired shape is attained.
Rolled Sections
These steel sections were produced by plates welding together into the desired shape and are limited to the use of plates having a thickness greater than or equal to 6 mm.
Built-Up
__________ occurs when the stress on the effective area of the section is large enough to cause the member to fracture, which usually occurs across a line of bolts where the tension member is weakest.
Tensile Rupture
A steel having a significant amount of these elements is referred to as an __________.
Alloy Steel
Name the 4 most common elements added to steel to make it an alloy steel.
Silicon, Nickel, Manganese, Copper
____-_____: Metal as structural material began with cast iron, used on a 100 ft (30 m) arch span, which was built in England.
1777-1779
The __________ of buildings, whether of structural steel or reinforced concrete, requires the determination of the overall proportions and dimensions of the supporting framework and the selection of the cross sections of individual members.
Structural Design
The horizontal members AB and BC are subjected primarily to bending, or flexure, and are called __________.
Beams
The member BD is subjected only to axial compression arising from the vertical loads; referred to as __________.
Columns
The two vertical members, AE and CF, must resist not only axial compression from the vertical loads but also a significant amount of bending. Such members are called __________.
Beam-Columns
Forces or other actions that result from the weight of all building materials, occupants, and their possessions, environmental effects, differential movements, and restrained dimensional changes.
Loads
Those loads in which variations over time are rare or of small magnitude. All other loads are variable loads.
Permanent Loads
Consist of the weight of all materials and fixed equipment incorporated into the building or other structure.
Dead Loads
__________ are those loads produced by the use and occupancy of the building or other structure and do not include dead load, construction load, or environmental loads such as wind load, earthquake load and fluid load.
Live Loads
__________ are in the form of pressure or suction on the exterior surfaces of the building. They cause horizontal lateral loads (forces) on the structure, which can be critical for tall buildings. Wind loads also cause uplift of light roof systems.
Wind Loads
__________ are live loads on the roof caused during the design life by planters, people, or by workers, equipment, & materials during maintenance.
Roof Live Loads
Formed by passing the flat steel products in rolls or by
press brake bending. Divided into two classes: plate & light gage
Cold-Formed
A member is selected that has cross-sectional properties such as area and moment of inertia that are large enough to prevent the maximum applied axial force, shear, or bending moment from exceeding an allowable, or permissible, value. This allowable value is obtained by dividing the nominal, or theoretical, strength by a factor of safety.
Allowable Strength Design (ASD)
