Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

COMPUTING FUNDAMENTALS > Module 1: Overview of Computing > Flashcards

Module 1: Overview of Computing Flashcards

1
Q

are activities that manages, processes, and communicate information using computers.

A

Computing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

is an integral component of modern industrial technology.

A

Computing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Highly mathematical, concerning itself with questions about the limits of computation. It includes what can be computed and how fast certain problems can be solved.

A

Computer Science Theory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

involves encryption and decryption of data

A

Cryptography

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

including developing new and better learning algorithms and coming up with bounds on what can be learned and under what conditions

A

Machine learning

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

covers topics dealing with device interconnection, and is closely related to systems

A

Networking

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

The following are the subsections of CS theory

A
  • Algorithm Development
  • Cryptography
  • Machine Learning
  • Big Data
  • Quantum Computing
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

It includes development of both hardware and software.

A

Computing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

covers a variety of practical topics such as resource sharing and creating better protocols for transmitting data in order to guarantee delivery times or reduce network traffic

A

Networking

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

other work in networking includes algorithms for peer-to-peer networks to allow resource detection, scalable searching of data, and load balancing to prevent network nodes from exploiting or damaging the network

A

Networking

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

deals with building circuits and chips

A

Hardware

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

hardware design lies in the realm of engineering and covers topics such as chip architecture, but also more general electrical engineering-style circuit design

A

Hardware

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

The field of graphics has become well-known for work in making amazing animated movies, but it also covers topics such as data visualization, which make it easier to understand and analyze complex data

A

Graphics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

are the heart of much work in computer science; most non-theory areas are dependent on good ———– ——— to get the job

A

Programming Languages

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Programming language works on focus on:

A
  • Optimization: speed, efficient use of resources; correctness
  • Functionality: purpose, flexibility
  • Productivity: development of new languages and algorithms
  • Security of data and information; of code; of systems
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

relies on some of the work from the programming languages community, and deals with
the design and implementation of software

A

Software Engineering

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

generally, a practical discipline, with a focus on designing and working on large-scale
projects

A

Software Engineering

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

deals with building programs that use a lot of resources and profiling that resource usage

A

System Programming

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

includes building operating systems, databases, and distributed computing, and can be
closely related to networking

A

System Programming

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

the design, implementation, and profiling of databases is a major part of systems
programming, with a focus on building tools that are fast enough to manage large
amounts of data while still being stable enough not to lose it

A

System Programming

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

includes everything from planning and searching for solutions to machine learning

A

Artificial Intelligence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

some focus on building game playing programs

A

Artificial Intelligence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

also includes work on neural networks and machine learning, which is designed to solve difficult problems by allowing computers to discover patterns in a large set of input data

A

Artificial Intelligence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

also includes work in the field of robotics (along with hardware and systems) and multi-agent systems, and is focused largely on improving the ability of robotic agents to plan courses of action or strategize about how to interact with other robots or with people

A

Artificial Intelligence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

the use of any computers, storage, networking and other physical devices, infrastructure and processes to create, process, store, secure and exchange all forms of electronic data

A

Information Technology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

the use of any computers, storage, networking and other physical devices, infrastructure and processes to create, process, store, secure and exchange all forms of electronic data

A

Information Technology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Computing Skills Set:

A
  • Technical Skills

- Soft Skills

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Computing Domains:

A
  • Computer Science Theory
  • Networking
  • Hardware
  • Graphics
  • Programming Languages
  • Software Engineering
  • System Programming
  • Artificial Intelligence
  • Information Technology
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Technical Skills:

A

 Big Data Analysis
 Data mining, modeling, management, etc.
 Coding and Programming
 Hardware, software, security, information management, troubleshooting, etc.
 Social Media Management & Digital Marketing
 Content management systems, digital photography and marketing, search engine optimization, social media, web analytics, etc.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Soft skills:

A
  • Analytical thinker
  • Problem Solver
  • Creativity
  • Critical Thinker
  • Resilient
  • Flexible
  • Leadership
  • Good Listener
  • Negotiator
  • Good presenter
  • Teamwork
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

o understand the issue and evaluate different solutions to find best fit

A

Analytical thinker

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

to solve complex problems in a systematic and logical way

A

Problem-solver

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

out-of-the-box thinking to ensure most innovative and effective solutions

A

Creativity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

know which methodologies to use and when to use them

A

Critical thinker

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

determination and humility in the face of multiple failures

A

Resilient

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

accepts changes and immediately looks for other creative solutions after setbacks or unexpected changes; open to suggestions and feedback

A

Flexible

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

to manage teams and influence decisions

A

Leadership

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

listens closely to client’s or employer’s needs; not afraid to ask questions

A

Good listener

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

able to come to an agreement that satisfies both parties

A

Negotiator

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

able to articulate ideas clearly and effectively to others

A

Good presenter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

able to communicate your ideas and listen to others’ suggestions, and know when to take a leadership role and when to be a team player.

A

Teamwork

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

Computing Disciplines:

A
  • Computer Science
  • information Technology
  • Information Systems
  • Computer Engineering
  • Software Engineer
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

ACM

A

Association for Computing Machinery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

is the study that deals with computation, algorithms, computational problems and the design of computer systems hardware, software and applications theories.

A

Computer Science

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

addresses both human-made and natural information processes, such as communication, control, perception, learning and intelligence especially in human-made computing systems and machines.

A

Computer Science

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

information systems are composed mainly by these components:

A

People, Technology, Processes, and Data.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

are those involved in the design, development, launch, and maintenance of any information systems.

A

People

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
48
Q

are the hardware and software used to processed the data.

A

Technology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
49
Q

are set of activities designed to achieve tasks

A

Processes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
50
Q

are facts that are used by programs to produce useful information

A

Data

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
51
Q

is the use of computers to store, retrieve, transmit, and manipulate data or information. It utilizes both hardware and software technologies that involves planning, installing, customizing, operating, managing and administering, and maintaining Information
technology infrastructure that provides computing solutions to address the needs of an organization.

A

informations Technology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
52
Q

ICT

A

information and communications technology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
53
Q

is a branch of engineering that integrates several fields of computer science and electronic engineering required to develop computer hardware and software. It focuses on the design of the computer hardware and peripheral devices, often the chip level.

A

Computer Engineering

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
54
Q

are involved in many hardware and software aspects of computing, from the design of individual microcontrollers, microprocessors, personal
computers, and supercomputers, to circuit design.

A

Computer Engineers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
55
Q

usually have training in electronic engineering, software design, and hardware-software integration instead of only software engineering or electronic engineering. This field of engineering not only focuses on how computer systems themselves work but also how they integrate into the larger picture.

A

Computer Engineering

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
56
Q

is the systematic application of engineering approaches to the development of software. it is a branch of computer science

A

Software Engineering

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
57
Q

is the discipline of developing and maintaining software systems that behave reliably and efficiently. It seeks to integrate the principles of mathematics and computer science with the engineering practices.

A

Software Engineering

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
58
Q

Software Engineering focuses on a range of topics that are essential to the SE agenda:

A
  • problem modeling and analysis
  • software design
  • software verification and validation
  • software quality, software process
  • software management and maintenance.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
59
Q

The Computing Professions:

A
  • Computer Programmer
  • Software Developer
  • Web Developer
  • Mobile Application Developer
  • IT Vendor Managers
  • Data Modeler
  • Database Administrator
  • Computer Systems Analysts
  • Multimedia Specialist or Manager
  • Software Engineer
  • Computer Hardware Engineer
  • IT Project Managers
  • IT Consultant
  • Cloud Architect
  • Computer Forensic Investigator
  • Health IT Specialist
  • Geospatial Professions
  • Information Security Analysts
  • System Administrator
  • Network Administrator
60
Q

Writes code to create software programs

A

Computer Programmer

61
Q

Converts the program designs created by software developers and engineers into instructions that a computer can follow

A

Computer Programmer

62
Q

Converts the program designs created by software developers and engineers into instructions that a computer can follow

A

Computer Programmer

63
Q

Responsible for the development, design and implementation, testing and maintenance of new or modified software products or ongoing business projects

A

Software Developer

64
Q

Develops the applications that allow people to do specific tasks on a computer or another device

A

Software Developer

65
Q

Develops the underlying systems that run the devices or that control networks.

A

Software Developer

66
Q

Specializes in using web technologies, to create websites and web application

A

Web Developer

67
Q

Are different from web designers, who focus more on designing the user interface of websites and web applications

A

Web Developer

68
Q

Applies off-page SEO (search engine optimization)

A

Web Developer

69
Q

Manages and uploads website content

A

Web Developer

70
Q

Needs to be proficient in web languages such as HTML, Scripting

A

Web Developer

71
Q

Specializes in mobile technology building apps for Google’s Android, Apple’s iOS and Microsoft’s Windows Phone platforms

A

Mobile Application Developer

72
Q

Develops application programming interfaces (APIs) to support mobile functionality

A

Mobile Application Developer

73
Q

Uses and adapts existing web applications for apps

A

Mobile Application Developer

74
Q

Oversees supply when it comes to software and hardware

A

IT Vendor Managers

75
Q

Facilitates and maintains vendor relationships between businesses and suppliers, negotiating contracts, creating vendor standards, and finding the best available vendors

A

IT Vendor Managers

76
Q

Travels to various locations to meet with vendors and go to retail stores, working in
office environments at other times

A

IT Vendor Managers

77
Q

Vendor managers typically report to sales managers and other upper-level executives

A

IT Vendor Managers

78
Q

Are systems analysts engaged in translating business requirements into conceptual, logical, and physical data models, who may focus on issues such as reducing redundancy of data within an existing computer system or improving the way in which it
moves from one system to another

A

Data Modeler

79
Q

Creates data designs and define relationships between data fields

A

Data Modeler

80
Q

Analyzes and evaluates the data needs of users

A

Database Administrator

81
Q

Develops and improves data resources to store and retrieve critical information

A

Database Administrator

82
Q

Responsible for the performance, integrity and security of the database of the company

A

Database Administrator

83
Q

Studies the organization’s current computer systems and procedures and design
information systems solutions to help the organization operate more efficiently and
effectively

A

Computer Systems Analysts

84
Q

Assesses an organization’s computer systems and recommend changes to hardware and software to enhance the company’s efficiency

A

Computer Systems Analysts

85
Q

Designs and creates IT-based multimedia products such as websites, DVDs, and computer games that combine text with sounds, pictures, graphics, video-clips, virtual reality and digital animation

A

Multimedia Specialist or Manager

86
Q

Designs and creates IT-based multimedia products such as websites, DVDs, and computer games that combine text with sounds, pictures, graphics, video-clips, virtual reality and digital animation

A

Multimedia Specialist or Manager

87
Q

Oversees and coordinates graphic design, copywriting, production, and printing
processes

A

Multimedia Specialist or Manager

88
Q

Familiar with software tools including the Adobe Creative Suite - Premiere Pro, After Effects, Photoshop, Illustrator

A

Multimedia Specialist or Manager

89
Q

Develops information systems by designing, developing, and installing software solutions

A

Software Engineer

90
Q

May specialize in a few areas of development, such as networks, operating systems,
databases or applications, and each area requires fluency in its own set of computer languages and development environments

A

Software Engineer

91
Q

Researches, designs, develops, and tests computer systems and components such as
processors, circuit boards, memory devices, networks, and routers

A

Computer Hardware Engineer

92
Q

Designs and tests new computer hardware, creating blueprints and completed models of computer equipment to be built

A

Computer Hardware Engineer

93
Q

Analyzes the test results and modifies the design as needed

A

Computer Hardware Engineer

94
Q

Updates existing computer equipment to work with new software

A

Computer Hardware Engineer

95
Q

Oversees the manufacturing process for computer hardware

A

Computer Hardware Engineer

96
Q

Oversees different initiatives or projects of a business, monitors their progress and
completion, and ensures that they meet the expectations of the clients

A

IT Project Managers

97
Q

Responsible for developing and managing technology projects and their cost, time and scope. Responsibilities include: project plan, communication plan, allocating tasks and
setting milestone

A

IT Project Managers

98
Q

Also known as technology consultants, are contracted to work with industrial and
commercial clients who are seeking help and advice about business and IT problems

A

IT Consultant

99
Q

Advises on, plans, designs and installs information technology systems for their clients

A

IT Consultant

100
Q

needs strong interpersonal and communication skills to deal effectively with clients

A

IT Consultant

101
Q

Responsible for the supervision of a company’s cloud computing system

A

Cloud Architect

102
Q

Works on cloud application designs, cloud approval plans, and systems required to manage cloud storage

A

Cloud Architect

103
Q

Also known as a Cloud Developer or Cloud Systems Administrator

A

Cloud Architect

104
Q

Searches for, identifies and evaluates information from computer systems, often for trial evidence

A

Computer Forensic Investigator

105
Q

Specially trained professional who works with law enforcement agencies, as well as private firms, to retrieve information from computers and other types of data storage devices often damaged either externally or internally corrupted by hacking or viruses

A

Computer Forensic Investigator

106
Q

Keeps current on new methodologies and forensic technology, and trains law
enforcement officers on proper procedure with regard to computer evidence

A

Computer Forensic Investigator

107
Q

Also known as Health Information Technicians, are responsible for the management and organization of medical records and databases

A

Health IT Specialist

108
Q

Using high-level software, assigns codes to particular medical procedures for future analysis and insurance billing purposes

A

Health IT Specialist

109
Q

Handles the security of sensitive health data

A

Health IT Specialist

110
Q

Examines elements of geography

A

Geospatial Professions

111
Q

Examines a range of data from the geographical record including aerial photographs, GIS data, the cartographic record, satellite data, soil analysis and other environmental samples, and any academic literature published about and within the landscape

A

Geospatial Professions

112
Q

Uses geographic data to evaluate and communicate trends and patterns in visually stylish and comprehensive ways

A

Geospatial Professions

113
Q

Designs and implements security systems to protect a company or organization’s
computer networks from cyberattacks, and help set and maintain security standards

A

Information Security Analysts

114
Q

Install software, such as firewalls, to protect computer networks

A

Information Security Analysts

115
Q

Plans and carries out security measures to protect an organization’s computer networks and systems

A

Information Security Analysts

116
Q

Keeps abreast of trends in data security to anticipate problems and install systems to prevent issues before they occur

A

Information Security Analysts

117
Q

ensure that our technology infrastructure runs smoothly and efficiently.

A

System Administrator

118
Q

maintain, upgrade and manage our software, hardware and networks.

A

System Administrator

119
Q

Monitoring system performance and troubleshooting issues

A

System Administrator

120
Q

Install, configure, and maintain computer networks and systems

A

Network Administrator

121
Q

identify and solve any problems that arise with computer networks and systems

A

Network Administrator

122
Q

budgeting for equipment and assembly costs

A

Network Administrator

123
Q

assembling new systems

A

Network Administrator

124
Q

comes into play by utilizing various tools, algorithm, and machine learning principles to discover hidden patterns from these data and make machines understand human
behaviors better.

A

Data Scientist

125
Q

comes into play by utilizing various tools, algorithm, and machine learning principles to discover hidden patterns from these data and make machines understand human
behaviors better.

A

Data Scientist

126
Q

Skillset of Data Scientist:

A
  • Data analysis
  • Python
  • SQL
  • R programming
  • Machine Learning
127
Q

makes websites and create software that runs on computers

A

Back-end Developer

128
Q

makes the software and websites functional by stringing together different sets of codes designed to respond to different commands received through the front end by the user

A

Back-end Developer

129
Q

ensures that the data or services requested by the front-end system or software are delivered through programmable means

A

Back-end Developer

130
Q

responsible for maintaining the entire back-end of a system, which consists of the core application logic, databases, data and application integration, API and other back-end
processes performs the testing and debugging of any back-end application or system.

A

Back-end Developer

131
Q

Skillset of Back- end Developer:

A
  • Javascript
  • PHP
  • MySQL
  • Cascading Style Sheets (CSS)
  • jQuery
132
Q

solve technology problems through developing, designing, and maintaining a system or software products that will improve (technology) users’ experience

A

Application Development Analyst

133
Q

primarily responsible for developing requirements and developing software solutions with the use of contemporary web development tools and techniques

A

Application Development Analyst

134
Q

oversee practices and processes to ensure integrity, safety, and availability of all data
and applications as part of an organization’s information systems

A

Application Development Analyst

135
Q

work alongside application developers and software engineers.

A

Application Development Analyst

136
Q

Skillset of Application Development Analyst:

A
  • SQL
  • HTML
  • JavaScript
  • Java
  • Cascading Style Sheets (CSS)
137
Q

someone who is able to work on both the front-end and back-end portions of an
application or website.

A

Full-Stack Engineer

138
Q

refers to the portion of an application the user will see or interact with

A

Front-end

139
Q

is the part of the application that handles the logic, database interactions, user
authentication, server configuration, etc

A

Back-end

140
Q

Skillset of Full-stack Engineer:

A
  • JavaScript
  • PHP
  • MySQL
  • Cascading Style Sheets
  • jQuery
141
Q

not simply focused on closing business deals but branches out to different roles necessary in maintaining consumer-business relationships (i.e. customer service to the
marketing of the business)

A

Sales Development Representative

142
Q 
help BPOs (Business Process Outsourcing companies) unlock and accelerate the 
benefits of automation
A

Sales Development Representative

143
Q

interact with customers and understand their needs

A

Sales Development Representative

144
Q

Skillset of Sales Development Representative:

A
  • Sales
  • Leadership
  • Management
  • Marketing
  • Computing
  • Computing Skills
145
Q

What are the top 5 Emerging IT Professions in 2019

A
  • Data Scientist
  • Back-end Developer
  • Application Development
  • Full- Stack Engineer
  • Sales Development Representative

COMPUTING FUNDAMENTALS (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions