Module 1 - Matter Flashcards
Define matter and list some examples
Anything that occupies space and has mass. E.g. chair you sit on.
What is matter composed of?
Atoms which are bonded together as molecules.
What are the three states of matter?
Solid, liquid and gas
What are the properties of a solid?
- Atomic/molecular motion: oscillation/vibration about fixed point
- Atomic/molecular motion: close together
- Shape: definite
- Volume: definite
- Compressibility: incompressible
What is the difference between a crystalline solid and an amorphous solid?
- Crystalline solid: atoms or molecules arranged in geometric patterns with long-range, repeating order.
- Amorphous solid: atoms or molecules that don’t have long-range order.
What are the properties of a liquid?
- Atomic/molecular motion: free to move relative to one another
- Atomic/molecular spacing: close together
- Shape: indefinite
- Volume: definite
- Compressibility: incompressible
What are the properties of a gas?
- Atomic/molecular motion: free to move relative to one another
- Atomic/molecular spacing: far apart
- Shape: indefinite
- Volume: indefinite
- Compressibility: compressible
Why are gases compressible?
- most of the volume of a gas is composed of the large amounts of empty space between the gas particles.
What is a mixture?
- Composed of two or more different substances, the proportions of which may vary from one sample to the next.
What is the difference between a homogeneous mixture and a heterogeneous mixture?
A heterogeneous mixture has two or more distinct regions that have different compositions. A homogeneous mixture has only one region and the composition of the mixture does not change.
What is a pure substance?
- Composed of only one type of atom or molecule.
What is an element? A compound?
An element is a substance that cannot be broken down into two or more simpler substances. A compound is a substance that is made up of two or more elements in a fixed ratio. A compound can be broken down into simper substances (the atoms that make up the compound).
What is the difference between a mixture and a compound?
A mixture is formed when two or more pure substances are mixed together; however, a new substance is not formed. A compound is for,ed when two or more elements are bonded together and form a new substance.
What is the definition of a physical property? What is the definition of chemical property?
A physical property is one that a substance displays without changing its composition. A chemical property is one that a substance displays only through changing its composition.
What is the difference between a physical change and a chemical change?
In a physical change, the composition of the substance does not change, even though it’s appearance might change. However, in a chemical change, the substance undergoes a change in its composition.
