Module 1: Lipids Flashcards
Lipoprotein which transports 65-75% of total blood cholesterol
LDL
Apolipoprotein that activates lecithin-cholesterol acyl transferase
Apolipoprotein A-I
Compound actually measured in the final step of enzymatic estimation of cholesterol
Quinoneimine dye
Functions of cholesterol in humans
Membrane structure
Synthesis of steroid hormones
Synthesis for bile acids
Difference between cis- and trans- unsaturated fatty acids
In a cis- configuration in a fatty acid, the hydrogens at a double bond site are on the same side of the chain, creating a curve or bend. In a trans configuration, the hydrogens are on opposite sides of the chain, which leaves the chain straight.
Clinical significance of trans fatty acids
They contribute to increased LDL concentration in the blood
Two forms of cholesterol
Cholesteryl esters and free cholesterol
Primary function of chylomicrons
Transport large amounts of triglycerides and some cholesterol from intestine to liver
Primary function of VLDL
Transport triglycerides from liver to adipose tissue and muscle for storage
Primary function of LDL
Transports cholesterol to all tissues
Primary function of HDL
Collects excess cholesterol from cells and circulation and returns it to the liver
First step for most triglyceride methods
Hydrolysis of triglycerides by lipase
What step is required for visibly lipemic samples prior to measuring triglycerides?
Mix vigorously before testing to make the sample homogenous
Common precipitation agent used in precipitation methods for measuring HDL
Magnesium with dextran sulphate
Precipitation methods (HDL measurement)
Precipitate out other lipoproteins (by density), and measure HDL in the supernatant
