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UTS MIDTERM EXAM > MODULE 1 LESSON 1 (PHILOSOPHICAL PERSPECTIVES) > Flashcards

MODULE 1 LESSON 1 (PHILOSOPHICAL PERSPECTIVES) Flashcards

1
Q

What year is the ANCIENT PERIOD?

A

3000 B.C - 500 A.D

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2
Q

what is the method did socrates used for way of knowing THE SELF

A

Dialectic Method

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3
Q

a product of plato’s view of the world

A

Ideals

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4
Q

he explains in Allegory of the cave (place)

A

PLATO

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5
Q

What is the book of plato in year 2000?

A

The Republic (2000)

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6
Q

For plato, the human soul is composed 3 parts, what are those?

A

THE APPETITIVE SOUL (bodily desires)
SPIRITUAL SOUL (feelings and emotions)
RATIONAL SOUL (reason and logic)

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7
Q

to become our ideal self, what are the soul we will control?

A

we must let our RATIONAL SOUL control our appetitive soul and spiritual souls

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8
Q

Composed of matter and form said Aristotle

A

Substance

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9
Q

What year is the Medieval Period?

A

476 A.D - late 15th century

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10
Q

Who are the 2 greatest philosopher saints in christendom

A

Augustine of Hippo
Thomas Aquinas

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11
Q

What are the concepts in medieval period?

A

Privation
Essence
Purpose

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12
Q

Idea developed by augustine of hippo

A

Privation

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13
Q

Way to explain the existence of things

A

Privation

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14
Q

darkness does _______, but darkness is a _____. Coldness does ______. Instead, it is a ______ . In the same manner, evil is the ______.

A

darkness does not really exist, but darkness is a privation of light. Coldness does not exist. Instead, it is a privation of warmth. In the same manner, evil is the privation of good.

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15
Q

is an idea developed by generations of scholastic philosophers like Thomas Aquinas, who followed Aristotle’s notion of substance.

A

Essence

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16
Q

is something that makes a thing what it is

A

Essence

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17
Q

means the reason why a particular thing exists.

A

Purpose

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18
Q

Who is the person that realized that everything in the world has a purpose

A

Aquinas

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19
Q

What is the year of Renaissance period?

A

around 14th-17th century

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20
Q

who are the 3 ingenious philosophers in renaissance period?

A

Francis Bacon
Rene Descartes
Thomas Hobbes

21
Q

What are the 3 concepts to remeber in renaissance period?

A

Inductive method
Doubt
Selfish human nature

22
Q

a way of attaining certainty through a careful process of investigation and experimentation.

A

Inductive method

23
Q

When did francis bacon started the scientific tradition

A

when he wrote in Advancement of Learning (1891) and Novum Organum (1844)

24
Q

What concept did Francis Bacon make?

A

Inductive method

25
Q

A logical approach

A

Inductive Method

26
Q

Suggest that individuals should use experiments and observation rather than abstract reasoning to understand the world

A

Inductive method

27
Q

What concept did rene descartes make?

A

Doubt

28
Q

proposes another method to achieve certainty.

A

Rene Descartes

29
Q

proposes another method to achieve certainty.

A

Rene Descartes

30
Q

What concept did rene descrates make?

A

Doubt

31
Q

What concept did thomas hobbes make?

A

Selfish human nature

32
Q

Who said this being selfish is normal. “Men are wolves to other men.”?

A

Thomas hobbes

33
Q

The most important lesson is to acknowledge our selfishness. Through that, we will know what we want, and our “wants” are parts of ourselves.

A

Selfish human nature

34
Q

7 Concepts in modern period

A

● authentic
● leap of faith
● Ubermensch
● eternal recurrence
● Dasein
● Being-thrown-in-theworld,
● being-unto-death

35
Q

Discuss four existentialists

A

Modern Period
1. Discuss four existentialists
● Jean-Paul Sartre
● Soren Kierkegaard
● Friedrich Nietzsche
● Martin Heidegger

36
Q

It is the view that humans define their own meaning in life, and try to make rational decisions despite existing in an irrational universe.

A

Existentialism

37
Q

It focuses on the question of human existence, and the feeling that there is no purpose or explanation at the core of existence.

A

Existentialism

38
Q

The common goal of existentialism is to be authentic.

A

Jean Paul Sartre - Authentic

39
Q

is “someone who is truly free” and that “existence precedes essence”

A

Jean Paul Sartre - Authentic

40
Q

What concept did jean paul sarte make?

A

Authentic

41
Q

What concept did jean paul sarte make?

A

Authentic

42
Q

What concept did Soren Kierkegaard make?

A

Leap of Faith

43
Q

Who make the concept LEAP OF FAITH

A

Soren Kierkegaard

44
Q

Kierkegaard illustrates that there are three stages of life to be an authentic person: what are those?

A

the (1) aesthetic stage, (2) ethical stage, and (3) religious stage.

45
Q

Who said “you need to “go beyond good and evil” or become an “Übermensch”

A

Friedrich Nietzsche

46
Q

Friedrich explains the journey to be authentic in an allegory of three metamorphoses

A

(1) camel, (2) lion, and (3) child.

47
Q

describes human beings in his book Being in Time (1996) using the German term Dasein

A

Martin Heidegger

48
Q

What is the other term of dasein

A

“being-in-the-world,” “being-in-itself,” “being-thrown-in-the-world,” or only as “being.”

UTS MIDTERM EXAM (1 decks)

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