Module 1: Lesson 1

Question 1

______ can be defined as “Any catastrophic situation in
which the normal patterns of life (or ecosystems) have been
disrupted and extraordinary, emergency interventions are
required to save and preserve human lives and/or the
environment.”

Answer 1

Disaster

Question 2

According to __________ disaster have been defined as ecologic disruptions, or emergencies, of a severity and magnitude that result in deaths, injuries, illness, and property damage that cannot be effectively managed using routine procedures or resources and that require outside assistance

Answer 2

Landesman et al., 2001

Question 3

According to _________disaster as “any occurrence that causes damage, ecological disruption, loss of human life, deterioration of health and health services, on a scale sufficient to warrant an extraordinary response from outside the affected community
or area.”

Answer 3

World Health Organization

Question 4

According to ___________disaster as “An occurrence such as hurricane, tornado, storm, flood, high water, wind-driven water, tidal wave, earthquake, drought, blizzard, pestilence, famine, fire, explosion, building collapse, transportation wreck, or other situation that causes human suffering or creates human that the victims cannot alleviate without assistance.”

Answer 4

Red Cross, 1975

Question 5

According to _________ Disaster is “a serious disruption triggered by a hazard, causing human, material, economic or (and) environmental losses, which exceed the ability of those affected to cope.”

Answer 5

United Nations Development Programme, 2004

Question 6

According to _______ disaster is “ a serious disruption of the functioning of a community or a society causing widespread human, material, economic or environmental losses which exceed the ability of the affected community or society to cope its own resources”.

Answer 6

International Strategy for Disaster Reduction

Question 7

According to _______disaster as “a situation or event which overwhelms local capacity, necessitating a request to a national or international level for external assistance; an unforeseen and often sudden
event that causes great damage, destruction and human suffering”

Answer 7

Centre for Research Epidemiology of Disasters

Question 8

According to CRED at least one of the following criteria must
be fulfilled to be called as a disaster:

Answer 8

○ 10 or more people reported killed
○ 100 or more people reported affected
○ Declaration of a state of emergency
○ Call for international assistance

Question 9

_________ is a “phenomena that pose a threat to people,
structures, or economic assets and which may cause a
disaster. ” (UN ISDR 2002)

Answer 9

Hazard

Question 10

_______ is the condition determined by physical, social,
economic and environmental factors or processes, which
increase the susceptibility of a community to the impact of
hazards. (UN ISDR 2002)

Answer 10

Vulnerability

Question 11

________ the combination of all the strengths and
resources available within a community, society or
organization that can reduce the level of risk, or the effects of
a disaster. (UN ISDR 2002)

Answer 11

Capacity

Question 12

_______is the probability of harmful consequences, or expected losses resulting from interactions between natural or
human-induced hazards and vulnerable conditions. (UNDP
2004)

Answer 12

Risk

Question 13

What is the formula for disaster?

Answer 13

Disaster= Hazard + Vulnerability / Capacity

Question 14

Classify which disaster level:

If the organization, agency, or community is able to
contain the event and respond effectively utilizing its own
resources.

Answer 14

Level 1

Question 15

Classify which disaster level:

If the disaster requires assistance from external
sources, but these can be obtained from nearby agencies.

Answer 15

Level 2

Question 16

Classify which disaster level:

If the disaster is of a magnitude that exceeds the capacity of the local community or region and requires assistance from state-level or even federal assets.

Answer 16

Level 3

Question 17

______is defined as “the adaptation of professional nursing knowledge, skills and attitude in recognizing and meeting the nursing, health and emotional needs of disaster victims.”

Answer 17

Disaster Nursing

Question 18

________ is to ensure the highest achievable level of care is delivered through identifying, advocating, and caring for all impacted populations throughout all phases of a disaster event, including active participation in all levels of disaster planning and preparedness

Answer 18

Goal of Disaster Nursing

Question 19

What are the Principles of Disaster Nursing?

Answer 19

1. Rapid assessment of the situation and of nursing care needs.
2. Triage and initiation of life-saving measures first.
3. The selected use of essential nursing interventions and the
   elimination of nonessential nursing activities.
4. Adaptation of necessary nursing skills to disaster and other
   emergency situations. The nurse must use imagination and
   resourcefulness in dealing with a lack of supplies, equipment,
   and personnel.
5. Evaluation of the environment and the mitigation or removal of
   any health hazards.
6. Prevention of further injury or illness.
7. Leadership in coordinating patient triage, care, and transport
   during times of crisis.
8. The teaching, supervision, and utilization of auxiliary medical
   personnel and volunteers.
9. Provision of understanding, compassion, and emotional
   support to all victims and their families.