Module 1: Legal Basis for the Study of Gender and the Society

Question 1

The Philippines, as a state party to the UN’s CEDAW, is obligated to what?

Answer 1

To pursue and implement programs, projects and activities that will contribute to the achievement of women’s empowerment and gender equality.

Question 2

CEDAW full name

Answer 2

Convention on the Elimination of all Forms of Discrimination Against Women

Question 3

When did the Philippines sign CEDAW?

Answer 3

July 15, 1980

Question 4

When did the Philippines ratify CEDAW?

Answer 4

August 5, 1981

Question 5

How many countries ratified CEDAW?

Answer 5

189

Question 6

The first ASEAN country to sign and ratify the treaty in reference to CEDAW

Answer 6

Philippines

Question 7

When did CEDAW become an international treaty?

Answer 7

September 3, 1981

Question 8

What did CEDAW consist of

Answer 8

A preamble and 30 articles

Question 9

How does CEDAW define discrimination against women?

Answer 9

any distinction, exclusion, or restriction made on the basis of sex which has the effect or purpose of impairing or nullifying the recognition, enjoyment, or exercise by women, irrespective of their marital status, on a basis of equality of men and women, of human rights and fundamental freedoms in the political, economic, social, cultural, civil, or any other field

Question 10

It is a landmark document for advancing women’s rights and gender equality worldwide.

Answer 10

Beijing Declaration and Platform for Action (BPFA)

Question 11

When was the BPfA agreed upon?

Answer 11

The 4th World Conference on Women in 1995

Question 12

How did the BPfA complement CEDAW?

Answer 12

agenda for women’s empowerment aimed at removing obstacles to women’s active participation in all spheres of public and private life through a full and equal share in economic, social, cultural and political decision-making at home, in the workplace and in the wider national and international communities

Question 13

12 Key Areas for Urgent Action to ensure equal opportunities

Answer 13

AGAINST VIOLENCE
1. Violence against Women
2. Women and Armed Conflict

ECONOMIC
3. Women and Poverty
4. Women and the Economy
5. Women in Power and Decision-Making
6. Institutional Mechanisms

FOR YOUNG WOMEN
7. The Girl Child

HUMAN RIGHTS
8. Human Rights of Women
9. Education and Training of Women
10. Women and Health

EXTERNAL FACTORS
11. Women and Media
12. Women and the Environment

Question 14

“The State recognizes the role of women in nation-building, and shall ensure the fundamental equality before the law of women and men.”

Answer 14

Philippine Constitution, Article II, Section 14

Question 15

“An Act promoting the integration of women as full and equal partners of men in development and nation-building and for other purposes.”

Answer 15

Republic Act No. 7192 – Women in Development and Nation Building Act

Question 16

“comprehensive women’s human rights law that seeks to eliminate discrimination against women by recognizing, respecting, protecting, fulfilling and promoting the rights of Filipino women, especially those in the marginalized sectors;”

Answer 16

The Implementing Rules and Regulations Republic Act No. 9710 – The Magna Carta of Women

Question 17

refers to the basic, disadvantaged, or vulnerable persons who are mostly living in poverty and have little or no success with land and other resources, basic social and economic services such as health care, education, water and sanitation, employment, and livelihood opportunities, housing, social security, physical infrastructure, and the justice system

Answer 17

Marginalized

Question 18

How is the Magna Carta connected to CEDAW and BPfA?

Answer 18

It is a local translation of the provisions of CEDAW particularly in defining gender discrimination, state obligations, substantive equality, and temporary special measures.

It adheres to the spirit of the CEDAW and BPFA and comprises the major statutory guidelines that all responsible Agencies are expected to pursue and implement guided by the Philippine Commission on Women.

Question 19

When was the Magna Carta of Women Implementing Rules and Regulations (IRR) approved?

Answer 19

March 2010

Question 20

CHED is identified by the Magna Carta as the agency mandated to:

Answer 20

1. Develop and promote a gender-sensitive curriculum
2. Develop gender-fair instructional materials
3. Ensure that educational institutions implement capacity-building programs on gender, peace, and human rights education for their officials, faculty,
   and non-teaching staff and personnel
4. promote partnerships between and among players in the education sector
5. encourage the advertising industry and other similar institutions to provide free use of space and installation of displays for schools, colleges, and universities for campaigns to end discrimination and violence against women
6. guarantee that educational institutions provide scholarship programs for marginalized women and girls per the minimum standards for programs and
   institutions of higher learning

Question 21

In Curriculum Development, CHED shall therefore ensure that all institutions of higher learning will fulfill the following obligations:

Answer 21

1. Respect the rights of women as human rights and respect the fundamental rights of women;
2. Refrain from discriminating against women and violating their rights;
3. Protect women against discrimination and from violation of their rights by private corporations, entities, and individuals; and
4. Promote and fulfill the rights of women in all spheres, including their rights to substantive equality and non-discrimination (MCW, Section 5)