Module #1 -- Language Structure

Question 1

phonology

Answer 1

the study of sound in language

Question 2

intonation patterns

Answer 2

the change of pitch used in the sound system of language, i.e. “John?” versus “John!”

Question 3

stress

Answer 3

the relative emphasis that may be given to certain syllables in a word.

Question 4

pitch

Answer 4

a variation in pitch to give prominence to a syllable within a word.

Question 5

prosody

Answer 5

the study of rhythm, intonation, stress, and related attributes in speech.

Question 6

modulation

Answer 6

when the voice goes down for authority, up for engagement etc.

Question 7

morphology

Answer 7

the study of meaning units in language

Question 8

inflectional endings

Answer 8

all suffixes -s, ‘s, -es, -ing, -ed, -er, -est

Question 9

syntax

Answer 9

the study of structure of sentences

Question 10

phonemes

Answer 10

the smallest contrastive unit in the sound system of a language

Question 11

morpheme

Answer 11

the smallest meaningful unit in the grammar of a langage

Question 12

root

Answer 12

carries the principle portion of meaning of the words in which it functions

Question 13

affix

Answer 13

a bound morpheme that is joined before, after, or within a root.

Question 14

grammar

Answer 14

the study of the rules governing the use of a language

Question 15

semantics

Answer 15

study of how meaning in language is created by the use and interralationships of words, phrases, and sentences

Question 16

discourse

Answer 16

verbal expression, either in speech or writing

Question 17

pragmatics

Answer 17

the study of all aspects of meaning and language use

Question 18

communicative competence

Answer 18

a learner’s ability to apply and use grammatical rules, and form correct utterances, and know how to use these utterances appropriately

Question 19

lexicon

Answer 19

the complete and total knowledge that a native speaker has about a language

Question 20

contrastive analysis

Answer 20

the systematic study of a pair of languages with a view to identifying their structural differences and similarities

Question 21

dialect

Answer 21

a distinct form of a language that differs from other forms of the language in specific linguistic features