Module 1 Labs Flashcards
What command brings up the directory of the current volume?
C:>dir
This shows all the folders in the current directory.
If you want to open the Program Files directory in the C: drive?
C:>cd “C:\program files”
Because there is a space in the directory, you have to enclose the path in quotation marks.
From C:\Program Files> how would you go back to the root directory?
C:\Program Files>cd .
If your directory has a space, but you don’t want to use quotes around the path, which command would you use?
C:\chdir C:\program files
From C:\Program Files>, how would you get to the D: drive?
To the E: drive?
How would you check the directory in E:?
C:\Program Files>D:
D:>E:
E:>dir
If you have a full screen, how do you clear the screen?
C:>cls
This clears screen!
What config brings up the local IP address, subnet mask, default gateway, IPv6 addresses and connection status of media?
C:\Users\Administrators\ipconfig
How can you tell if an IPv6 address is self-assigned?
It begins with fe80.
How can you tell if a IPv4 address is self-assigned?
If it starts in the 169-254 range.
What gives you all the necessary networking information?
This will show the DNS server, its addresses, whether the network is DHCP enabled and auto configuration enabled., etc.
C:\Users\Administrator>ipconfig /all
How do you test network connections?
How would you ping the loop back address? Such that you know that IPv4 is installed and bound to the local NIC card?
C:\Users\Administrators>ping
C:\Users\Administrators>ping 127.0.0.1
________ is the loop back address. All machines use this to refer to themselves. If you were having communication issues, you could check this to make sure that IPv4 is there and bound to the NIC.
127.0.0.1
How would you check to see if your own IP is assigned and bound to the NIC?
Ping your own IP address.
How would you check to see if you can get to the router?
Ping the gateway IP address?
How can you confirm that you can get to something outside your network on another router?
You could ping a machine on the outside of the router. 8.8.8.8 is the Google DNS server which you can ping.
How do you run a trace route?
C:\Users\Administator>tracert [name of another machine]
What happens when you run tracert on the public internet?
Often they will timeout as routers between two locations will be configured to not respond to these requests.
Which command will tell you which open connections your machine has to other machines?
C:\Users\Administrator\ netstat
________ is the IPv6 loopback address. If you were to run netstat and see this, you would know that the machine is able to talk to itself using IPv6.
::1
How do you test DNS? This will show you which server is the DNS server.
C:\Users\Administrator>nslookup
How do you look for certain types of records in DNS lookup?
set type:
Look this up in Google to see why you’d ever do this…
How do you run the disk partition command line tool? If we select /? To lookup switches, we see that it would like us to call a script. What is the switch for using a script here?
C:\Users\Administrator>diskpart
/s [script]
How would we create a Windows Recovery Environment partition using diskpart?
Use the command C:\Users\Administrator>diskpart /s
Select disk 0 // This selects the physical disk which alsways starts at 0 as opposed to a logical disk
Clean // This wipes data from the drive.
Convert gpt // this creates a guid partition table.
Create partition primary size=800 //this gives the size in megabytes.
Format quick fs=ntfs label=“Windows RE” //This formats the partition and names it.
Assign letter=“R” // this assigns a letter.
How would you format a drive?
C:\Users\Administator>format /?
This will bring up all the switches for the format command.
How would you shutdown the machine from CLI?
C:\Users\Administrator>shutdown
How would you run system file checker and what does it do?
C:\Users\Administrator> sfc
This will scan the system to check the integrity of all system files and replace incorrect versions with correct Microsoft versions
If task manager can’t stop a task, what CLI command can do so and what will we need to do it?
C:\Users\Administrator> TASKKILL
If we want to kill a process, we will need to use TASKKILL and then provide the process ID for the task found in task manager.
How do we check the file system, look for bad sectors on the disk, check for broken files, and check the integrity of the file system structure?
What are the stages?
What parameter would make changes?
What is the most important result?
C:\Users\Administrator>chkdsk
Stage 1: Examines the file system structure.
Stage 2: Examines file linkage. // Looks for broken links and missing files and makes sure everything is indexed.
Stage 3: Checks security descriptors and validates integrity of files on disk.
/f // this parameter will make changes, but not running it will show chkdsk in read-only mode.
bytes of data in bad sectors shown at the end of the result.
What is group policy?
Group policy is a collection of user and computer settings setup by an administrator to all users.
What is the command for looking up different group policy switches?
C:\Users[user]>gpresult
Which gpresult switch gives a concise summary report? What is in it?
C:\Users\Administrator>gpresult /R
The machine you are on, applied Group Policy Objects, Local Policy Objects and the security groups you are a user of.
Which command and switch updates group policy. What does this switch do?
C:/Users/[USER]>gpupdate /Force
The /Force switch reprocesses all of group policy. This is great for remote users as it forces them reprocess all of group policy even if they’ve lost their trust relationship.
What are the default Windows image files and where are they found?
Boot.wim and install.wim
They are found in the sources directory of all Windows installation media since Windows Vista.
Which tool services the boot.wim and install.wim files?
Deployment and Imaging Services tool (DISM)
DISM is a command-line tool? T/F?
True.
DISM _____ switch commits any changes made. _______ switch makes sure no changes are kept.
commit
discard
Look up a video on DISM when you see this flashcard!
Completed.
If you had a repetitive task of copying folders or files on a regular basis, you can use ______ or _______ scripts.
xcopy and robocopy
How would you use copy?
Point directory to location of files to copy.
C:\Users\Administrators> cd C:[location]
C:[location]>copy *txt C:[destination] //wildcard * selects all copied txt files.
Overwrite? Yes/No/All
. // extension designation chooses all names of files of all extensions.
_____ is built upon copy.
Xcopy
_______ is built upon xcopy.
Robocopy
What drive was the floppy drive?
A: drive.
What was the B: drive?
It was used with A: to save work onto after running programs from A:..
How do you map a network drive?
Right-click This PC and select “map network drive.”
What is the folder naming protocol of a network drive?
\[computer_name]\Share
What command is used in CLI for mapping a network drive?
C:\Users[user]>net use z: \[computer_name]\Share /persistent:yes /SAVECRED
//persistent allows reconnect at login. You would then select yes or no if you want to select this. //SAVECRED saves current logged on credentials to reconnect.
What command would you use to delete a mapped network drive.
C: \Users[user]>net use z: /DELETE
_____ commands have mostly all been deprecated.
Net
_______ is used within the CLI for managing, defining, creating and deleting local user accounts.
Net User
The ______ switch lets us know to create or delete a user account not on local SAM file database, but out on the network on a domain controller in the active directory database.
/DOMAIN
Only those with __________ ________ in the domain can use the domain commands.
Admin rights.
Instead of Net User command, what is a more marketable skill as Net User is almost obsolete.
PowerShell with AD User commandlet.
What is Services?
This lets you know all the services running on a machine and shows the name, description, status, startup type and “log on as” descriptors.
______ define the ways in which I can interact with the operating system.
Rights
______ allow us to read a file or execute an application.
Permissions
When calling a service in a script, do you use the service name or the display name?
Service name.
Where can you find the path of a service?
Right clicking the service in Services and locating the path.
Where can you check dependencies for a service?
Right click the service in Services and check dependencies.
_________ is great to use for scripting as all the formatting is stripped away of text.
Notepad
If you are doing something new in PowerShell, you will want to take the script and add it to ________ and save it so it can be used as a script to be used in the future.
Notepad
What is regedit?
It allows us to edit the registry.
HKEYs are known as _________
Hives
Where is the SAM file database found?
Within HKEY_USERS
Where will techs spend their time in regedit?
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE and HKEY_CURRENT_USERS
When is the only time we would use regedit?
When there is guidance (like security guidance). Don’t use it to muck around too much.
