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ES 10 > Module 1 - Introduction to Mechanics > Flashcards

Module 1 - Introduction to Mechanics Flashcards

1
Q

Studies of the pulley, inclined plane, and wrench are also recorded in ancient writings—at times when the
requirements for engineering were limited primarily to building construction

A

Archimedes

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2
Q

each term must be expressed in the same units

A

Dimensional Homogeneity

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3
Q

used in mechanics to simplify
theories

A

idealizations

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4
Q

1642–1727

A

Isaac Newton

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5
Q

numerical calculations

A
  1. Dimensional Homogeneity
  2. Significant Figures
  3. Rounding-off numbers
  4. Calculations
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6
Q

conceived as a succession of events. Important in dynamics but not in statics

A

time

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7
Q

deals with the equilibrium of bodies, that is, those that are either at rest or move with constant velocity.

A

statics

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8
Q

The basic concepts used in mechanics are

A

space, time, mass, force

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9
Q

basic quantities

A

length, time, mass, force

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10
Q

kinetic units

A

length, mass, time, force

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11
Q

mechanics is a branch of the physical sciences that is
concerned with the state of rest or motion of bodies that are subjected to the _____________________

A

action of forces

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12
Q

forces acting on a particle can be replaced by a single resultant force

A

Parallelogram Law for addition of forces

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13
Q

Two particles of mass M and m are mutually attracted with equal and opposite forces F and -F of magnitude F given by the formula

A

Newton’s Law of Gravitational Attraction

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14
Q

Duration of 9,192,631,770
cycles of the radiation corresponding to the transition between two levels of the fundamental state of the?

A

Cesium-133 atom

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15
Q

dynamics deals with the _______________________

A

accelerated motion of
bodies

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16
Q

represents the action of one body on another

A

force

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17
Q

was one of the first major
contributors to dynamics

A

Galileo Galilei

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18
Q

still remains the basis of today’s engineering sciences

A

newtonian mechanics

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19
Q

The mutual forces of action and reaction between two particles are equal, opposite, and collinear

A

Newton’s Third Law of Motion

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20
Q

The number of ______________________ contained in any number determines the accuracy of the number

A

significant figures

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21
Q

In newtonian mechanics, ________, __________, and __________ are absolute concepts that are independent of each other

A

space, time, mass

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22
Q

These principles of mechanics were later modified by

A

d’Alembert, Lagrange, and
Hamilton

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23
Q

1564–1642

A

Galileo Galilei

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24
Q

The mechanics of rigid bodies is subdivided into?

A

statics and dynamics

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25
has a mass, but a size that can be neglected
particle
26
This interaction can occur when there is direct contact between the bodies, such as a person pushing on a wall, or it can occur through a distance when the bodies are physically separated
force
27
When a sequence of calculations is performed, it is best to store the intermediate results in the calculator
calculations
28
who is noted for his formulation of the three fundamental laws of motion and the law of universal gravitational attraction
Isaac Newton
29
Duration of __________________ cycles of the radiation corresponding to the transition between two levels of the fundamental state of the Cesium-133 atom
9,192,631,770
30
It can be considered as a combination of a large number of particles in which all the particles remain at a fixed distance from one another, both before and after applying a load
rigid body
31
represents the effect of a loading which is assumed to act at a point on a body
concentrated force
32
mechanics is a branch of the _______________ that is concerned with the state of rest or motion of bodies that are subjected to the action of forces
physical sciences
33
from the Law of Gravitational Attraction, any two particles or bodies have a mutual attractive (gravitational) force acting between the
weight
34
mechanics of materials is branch of mechanics that studies the _____________________________ in a solid body that is subjected to an external loading.
internal effects of stress and strain
35
Deals with the principle of the lever
Archimedes
36
necessary so that the accuracy of the result will be the same as that of the problem data
rounding-off numbers
37
His work consisted of experiments using pendulums and falling bodies.
Galileo Galilei
38
Provided this is the case, all the terms of an equation can then be combined if numerical values are substituted for the variables
Dimensional Homogeneity
39
_______________________ wavelengths of the orange-red light corresponding to a certain transition in an atom of Krypton-86
1,650,763.73
40
“push” or “pull” exerted by one body on another
force
41
idealizations
particle, rigid body, and concentrated force
42
1,650,763.73 wavelengths of the orange-red light corresponding to a certain transition in an atom of?
Krypton-86
43
If the resultant force acting on a particle is not zero, the particle has an acceleration proportional to the magnitude of the resultant and in the direction of this resultant force
newton's second law
44
Conditions of equilibrium or of motion of a rigid body will remain unchanged if a force acting at a given point of the rigid body is replaced by a force of the same magnitude and same direction, but acting at a different point, provided that the two forces have the same line of action
Principle of Transmissibility
45
deals with bodies at rest
statics
46
A particle acted upon by an unbalanced force F experiences an acceleration a that has the same direction as the force and a magnitude that is directly proportional to the force
Newton’s Second Law of Motion
47
deals with the accelerated motion of bodies
dynamics
48
Fundamental Concepts and Principles
1. Basic Quantities 2. Idealizations 3. Principles and Laws
49
Principles and Laws
1. Parallelogram Law for addition of forces 2. Principle of Transmissibility 3. Newton’s First Law of Motion/ Law of Inertia 4. Newton’s Second Law of Motion 5. Newton’s Third Law of Motion 6. Newton’s Law of Gravitational Attraction 7. weight
50
A particle originally at rest, or moving in a straight line with constant velocity, tends to remain in this state provided the particle is not subjected to an unbalanced force
Newton’s First Law of Motion/ Law of Inertia
51
deals with bodies in motion
dynamics
52
a branch of the physical sciences that is concerned with the state of rest or motion of bodies that are subjected to the action of forces
mechanics
53
locate the position in space and thereby describe the size of a physical system
length
54
is a modern version of the metric system which has received worldwide recognition
SI Units (metric)
55
mechanics of materials is branch of mechanics that studies the internal effects of stress and strain in a solid body that is ___________________________.
subjected to an external loading
56
a branch of mechanics that studies the internal effects of stress and strain in a solid body that is subjected to an external loading
mechanics of materials
57
Statics deals with the equilibrium of bodies, that is, those that are either at rest or move with?
constant velocity
58
The forces of action and reaction between bodies in contact have the same magnitude, same line of action, and opposite sense
newton's third law
59
mechanics is branch of the physical sciences that is concerned with the _______________________________ that are subjected to the action of forces
state of rest or motion of bodies
60
measure of a quantity of matter that is used to compare the action of one body with that of another
mass
61
287–212 B.C.
Archimedes
62
statics deals with the equilibrium of bodies, that is, those that are _____________________________________
either at rest or move with constant velocity
63
Einstein formulated his
theory of relativity
64
consists of a large number of particles occupying fixed positions with respect to one another
rigid body
65
Use scientific notations to report results
significant figures
66
defined as the science that describes and predicts the conditions of rest or motion of bodies under the action of forces
mechanics
67
statics deals with the ____________________, that is, those that are either at rest or move with constant velocity
equilibrium of bodies

ES 10 (12 decks)

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