Module 1: Introduction to Human Biology Flashcards
The study of the human body encompasses two fields
Anatomy and physiology
Anatomy
study of body structures and relationships among them
Physiology
study of body functions; how different parts sustain life in an individual
Levels of Structural Organization
Chemical
Organ
System
Tissue
Cellular
Organismal
Chemical Level
atoms start to form molecules (e.g. macromolecules)
Cellular Level
molecules combine to form cells
Tissue Level
group of cells that that work together performing a specific function
Types of Tissues
Connective
Muscular
Epithelial
Nervous
Organ Level
two or more different types of tissues are joined together
System Level
consists of related organs with a common function
Organismal Level
constitutes all the organ systems that function together
Bubonic Plague
darkening of the skin associated with rotting of the flesh and bleeding
Homeostasis
tendency of an organism to maintain a stable internal state
What are the factors that affect one’s health?
Genetic makeup
Environment
Thoughts
Diet
Behavior
Disorder
any abnormality in structure or function
Disease
illness characterized by signs (objective) and symptoms (subjective)
Anatomic Orientation
allows visualization of specimens without pictures
Sagittal vs Transverse vs Frontal Plane
Sagittal: divides left and right halves
Transverse: divides top and bottom halves
Frontal: divides anterior and posterior halves
CT-Scan vs MRI
CT-Scan: pictures of tissues, organs, and skeletal structures
MRI: shows abnormal tissue; more detailed
Leptospirosis
acquired when going through floods contaminated with rat urine
