Module 1: Introduction - Matter and Measurement Flashcards
(115 cards)
Define chemistry
Chemistry is the study of the properties and behavior of matter
Define matter
Anything that takes up space and has mass
Define atoms
Building blocks of matter; each element is made of a unique kind of atom
How many kinds of atoms does an element have?
1
What is a compound?
A substance made of 2 or more types of elements (2 or more types of atoms)
What are the 2 ways to classify matter?
States of matter; composition of matter
What are the states of matter?
Solid, liquid, gas
What are the states of matter for water?
Solid=ice, liquid=water, gas=water vapor
How do you classify matter based on its composition?
Follow the schema to determine what type of mixture the matter is
What are the classifications of matter based on composition?
Element, compound, homogenous mixture, heterogenous mixture
Define substance
Something that has distinct properties and does not vary from sample to sample
What are the 2 types of substances?
elements and compounds
Can an element be broken down further?
No: it can not be decomposed to simpler substances
Can a compound be broken down further?
Yes: it can be broken down into simpler substances
What does it mean that compounds have a definite composition?
The relative number of each atom that makes up the compound is the same in any sample
What is the law of constant composition?
Law that compounds have a definite composition: relative number of atoms of each element are the same in any sample
What is another name for the Law of Constant Composition?
Law of Definite Proportions
What does the Law of Constant Composition mean for water?
Water is composed of hydrogen atoms and oxygen atoms, always in a 2:1 ratio. Water is H2O
What properties do mixtures exhibit?
The properties of the substances that make them up
What are the types of mixtures?
Homogenous and heterogenous
What is a heterogenous mixture?
Varies in composition throughout a sample
What is a homogenous mixture?
same composition throughout a sample
What is another name for a homogenous mixture?
solution
What types of properties can we observe about a substance?
physical properties and chemical properties