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IDIS199 > MODULE 1: Intro to the science of well-being, mental health and resiliency > Flashcards

MODULE 1: Intro to the science of well-being, mental health and resiliency Flashcards

1
Q

Well-being

A

Overall state of feeling comfortable, healthy, happy

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2
Q

Mental health

A

Psychological, emotional and social aspects of thinking, feeling and behaving; component of well-being

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3
Q

Analogy for mental health

A

Physical health
- physically healthy= body functioning
- good mental health= emotional system fucntioning

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4
Q

Analogy for well-being

A

Physical fitness
- physically fit= most out of body’s capabilities
- high well-being= living well and meaningful

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5
Q

Historical origins: African culture

A

Relationships with land and community members are imp to wellness
- Ubuntu- person cannot flourish in isolation but can grow in connection w others

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6
Q

Historical origins: Buddhism

A

Balance and harmony w self and environment

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7
Q

Components of overall well-being

A
  1. Mental health
  2. Physical health
  3. Supportive/secure environment
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8
Q

What is positive mental health made up of?

A

Emotional well-being, psychological functioning and social well-being

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9
Q

Emotional well being

A

Happy and satisfied w life

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10
Q

Psychological functioning

A

Positive functioning and self realization

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11
Q

Social well being

A

Positive social value

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12
Q

Factors that contribute to mental health

A
  1. Realizing your potential
  2. Emotional health
  3. Psychological health
  4. Social connectedness
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13
Q

Emotional health

A

Feelings and emotions
Ability to regulate your feelings across diff challenges, experiences and contexts

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14
Q

Psychological health

A

How you think about things and regulate your feelings
ex. self-reflect, problem solve

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15
Q

Social connectedness

A

Creating and maintaining good relationships w others and behaving in socially responsible and acceptable way

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16
Q

Mental health spectrum order (bottom top)

A
  1. Well
  2. Symptoms
  3. Concerns or problems
  4. Disorders or illness
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17
Q

Mental health spectrum: well

A

Feeling content, capable and happy

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18
Q

Mental health spectrum: symptoms

A

Experiences that may be associated with some distress but may be situational or transient
ie. anxiety, mood, sleep

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19
Q

Mental health spectrum: concerns or problems

A

Presence of symptoms that persist and are associated w distress or difficulty but not severe enough to be diagnosed

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20
Q

Mental health spectrum: Disorder or illness

A

Clinically diagnosed illness that require evidence based treatments; symptoms characterized by a disturbance in thought, feeling perception that negatively affects day-to-day functioning

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21
Q

Mental health and well-being- two parallel continuums

A

Can have a mental illness but have good well being OR may not have a mental illness but be experiencing significant distress

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22
Q

Importance of well-being and mental health in university students

A

Self reported rates of mental health problems have been increasing

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23
Q

Factors contributing to university students need for mental health services

A
  1. At risk age (transition to uni)
  2. Transition period (new academic, financial and social stressors)
  3. Vulnerable brain
  4. Lacking support
  5. Decrease in stigma
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24
Q

Factors that influence mental health and academic outcomes

A
  1. Family
  2. Personal (age, gender)
  3. Early environment
  4. Psychological (self awareness, compassion, resilience, mental health literacy, stigma)
  5. Lifestyle and behaviour
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25
Q

Goals of mental health and well-being

A
  1. Community
  2. Social
  3. Recreational
  4. Career
  5. Academic
  6. Relationships (meaningful)
  7. Cultural (overcoming stigma)
26
Q

Five factors influenced by mental health

A
  1. Energy levels and motivation
  2. Concentration and cogniiton
  3. Self-efficacy
  4. Managing stressful situations
  5. Belongingness
27
Q

Five concepts of mental health

A
  1. Risk factors
  2. Protective factors
  3. Stressors
  4. Resilience
  5. Signs and symptoms
28
Q

Risk factors

A

Biological, psychological or sociological characteristic or exposure associated w a high likelihood of a neg outcome ex. lack of sleep

29
Q

Protective factors

A

Characteristic or exposure that lowers the likelihood of negative outcomes or reduces impact of a risk factor
ex. healthy sleep schedule

30
Q

Stressors

A

Person, place or situation that causes a state of psychological strain or tension ex. upcoming midterm

31
Q

Resilience

A

Ability to adjust, adapt, overcome, cope

32
Q

Signs and symptoms

A

Observable (signs) or experienced (symptoms) indicators of being under stress

33
Q

Psychodynamic model

A

The processes of the mind involves the interplay of psychological forces and that distress arises bc the conscious interpretation of these forces (ie. sadness, distress, anxiety) masks their true unconscious origin (suppressed feelings from childhood)

34
Q

Psychodynamic model treatment

A

No evidence that it is helpful

35
Q

Medical/diseases model

A

Views problems of mental functioning from a disease perspective w a biological basis

36
Q

Medical/diseases model treatment

A

Somatic treatment such as medication and brain stimulation

37
Q

Behavioural model

A

How you behave day-to-day is conditioned due to the reinforcement you receive for your actions

38
Q

Example of behavioural model

A

In anxiety disorders, maladaptive learning has taken place and a harmless stimulus has become linked to extreme fear

39
Q

Aim of behaviour therapy

A

Create a diff, less negative association w harmless stimulus such as in anxiety disorders

40
Q

Cognitive model

A

Mental disorders are the result of errors in thinking or biases

41
Q

Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT): cognitive component

A

Identifying and correcting errors and biases in thinking such as distraction and overthinking
ex. anxiety and depression

42
Q

Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT): behavioural component

A

Changing maladaptive behaviour and learning new behavioural responses such as exposure

43
Q

Biopsychosocial model

A

Emphasizes interacting roles of biological, psychological, and social factors as contributors to mental illness and these factors don’t play an equal role

44
Q

Biopsychosocial model: Biology

A
  • physical health
  • genetic vulnerabilities
  • drug effects
45
Q

Biopsychosocial model: Social

A
  • peers
  • family circumstance
  • family relationships
46
Q

Biopsychosocial model: Psychological

A
  • coping skills
  • family relationships
  • self-esteem
  • mental health
47
Q

Osler medical humanistic model

A

An alternative to the biopsychosocial model
rather than adopting a singular reductionist approach we should take whole individual person into account when assessing for a diagnosis and developing treatment plan

48
Q

Social and cultural models

A

Broader holistic and community based influences on mental health including social, cultural and environmental context
ex. providing support by addressing factors such as work conditions, housing etc.

49
Q

Which model forms the basis of the psychological approaches that are most commonly used today?

A

Behavioural model

50
Q

What factors does the social and cultural model aim to address?

A

Work/study conditions, nutrition, housing/living conditions, socioeconomic condition, education and health care services

51
Q

Distal risk factors

A

Represents an indirect cause or underlying vulnerability for a particular condition

52
Q

Proximal risk factor

A

Represents a direct cause or immediate vulnerability for a particular condition

53
Q

Distal risk factors examples

A
  • family environment during childhood and family history
  • mental health problems
  • early adversity (abuse, neglect, trauma)
54
Q

Proximal risk factors examples

A

**Choices we make
- sleep problems
- hazardous substance use
- lack of exercise
- reduced social support
- low self-esteem
- high perceived stress
- anxiety and depressive symptoms

55
Q

Terms used when discussing risk factors

A
  1. Genes
  2. Epigenetics
  3. Environment
  4. Stress diathesis model
  5. Culture
56
Q

Risk factors and genes

A

Our predisposition to mental disorders is related to our genetic makeup and family history

57
Q

Risk factors and epigenetics

A

Modification of gene activity or expression; can occur through certain exposures such as biological (hormonal), environmental (famine) and psychological (chronic stress, abuse, neglect) factors

58
Q

Risk factors and environment

A

Physical, psychological and social surroundings

59
Q

Risk factors and stress diathesis model

A

Model of mental illness based on interactions btwn genes and the environment and the effect of chronic risk exposures related to stress on mind and body

60
Q

Risk factors and culture

A

The ways people view health and illness, treatment seeking patterns, nature of the therapeutic relationship and issues of racism and discrimination influences mental health practice

IDIS199 (5 decks)

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