Module 1 - Intro To Clinical Medicine

Question 1

Cytology

Answer 1

The study of the body at the cellular level

Question 2

Body cell functions

Answer 2

Utilizing food
Eliminating waste
Reproducing

Question 3

What is enclosed in the cell membrane

Answer 3

Cytoplasm and nucleus

Question 4

Types of tissue in the body

Answer 4

(4) epithelial, connective, muscle, nervous

Question 5

epithelial tissue

Answer 5

covers surface of organs,
lines cavities and canals,
forms tubes and ducts,
provides secreting portions of glands,
makes up the skin's epidermis

Question 6

connective tissue

Answer 6

supports and connects other tissues and organs , comprises diverse cell types inc. fibroblasts, fat, blood cells

Question 7

muscle tissue

Answer 7

provides body’s contractile tissue, responsible for movement

Question 8

nervous tissue

Answer 8

transmits electrical impulses as it relays info throughout the body

Question 9

organ

Answer 9

body structure that performs specialized function, composed of at least 2 or more tissue types

Question 10

system

Answer 10

comprised of varying numbers of organs and accessory structures that have a similar/related function

Question 11

Organism

Answer 11

the highest level of organization, a complete living entity capable of independent existence

Question 12

3 components of cells

Answer 12

cell membrane, nucleus, and between the both of them there is a cytoplasm

Question 13

categories of body membranes

Answer 13

epithelial tissue membranes and connective tissue membranes

Question 14

body membranes

Answer 14

thin sheets of tissue covering the body, lining body cavities, and cover organs within the cavities of hollow organs

Question 15

subcategories of body membranes

Answer 15

mucous, serous, synovial, meninges

Question 16

homeostasis

Answer 16

a state of balance within the body

Question 17

integumentary system

Answer 17

1. barrier to invading organisms and chemicals, temperature control
2. skin, hair, subcutaneous tissue

Question 18

skeletal system

Answer 18

1. supports + moves the body, protects internal organs, mineral storage, blood formation
2. bones, cartilage, ligaments, bone marrow

Question 19

muscular system

Answer 19

1. locomotion, heat production

2. muscles, tendons

Question 20

nervous system

Answer 20

1. coordinates activities of other organ systems, responds to sensations
2. brain, spinal cord, nerves, eyes, ears

Question 21

endocrine system

Answer 21

1. regulates body functions via chemicals (hormones)

2. pituitary gland, parathyroid gland, thyroid gland, adrenal gland, thymus, pancreas, gonads

Question 22

cardiovascular system

Answer 22

1. transports oxygen and nutrients to the tissues, removes waste products
2. heart, blood, blood vessels

Question 23

lymphatic system

Answer 23

1. returns tissue fluid to blood, defends against foreign organisms
2. spleen, lymph nodes, thymus, lymphatic vessels

Question 24

respiratory system

Answer 24

1. oxygen/CO2 exchange

2. lungs, trachea, larynx, nasal cavities, pharynx

Question 25

digestive system

Answer 25

1. processes foods, absorption of nutrients into the body

2. stomach, esophagus, intestinal tract, liver, pancreas, salivary glands

Question 26

urinary system

Answer 26

1. elimination of wastes, regulates pH and volume of blood

2. kidneys, urinary bladder, urethra

Question 27

reproductive system

Answer 27

1. produces germ cells ( egg and sperm), environment for growth of the fetus (in females)
2. ovaries, uterus, mammary glands, testes, prostate gland, external genitalia

Question 28

vital organs (5)

Answer 28

brain, heart, kidneys, liver, lungs

Question 29

brain

Answer 29

body’s control center - receiving and sending signals to other organs through the nervous system and through secreted hormones, responsible for our thoughts, feelings, memory storage and general perception of the world

Question 30

heart

Answer 30

responsible for pumping blood throughout our body

Question 31

kidneys

Answer 31

removes waste and extra fluid from the blood, take urea out of the blood and combine it with water and other substances to make urine

Question 32

liver

Answer 32

detoxifying harmful chemicals, breakdown of drugs, filtering of blood, secretion of bile, production of blood-clotting proteins

Question 33

lungs

Answer 33

responsible for removing oxygen from the air we breathe and transferring it to our blood where it can be sent to our cells, lungs also remove co2 which we exhale

Question 34

chemicals bond together to form

Answer 34

molecules

Question 35

molecules bond together to form

Answer 35

cells

Question 36

cells with similar structure and function join together to create

Answer 36

tissue

Question 37

tissue joins together to form

Answer 37

organs

Question 38

organs group together to form _ that work together to perform a specific job in the body

Answer 38

organ system

Question 39

systems function together to create an

Answer 39

organism

Question 40

nervous tissue (3)

Answer 40

of the brain, spinal cord, nerves

Question 41

muscle tissue (3)

Answer 41

cardiac muscle, smooth muscle, skeletal muscle

Question 42

epithelial tissue (2)

Answer 42

skin surface (epidermis)
lining of gi tract organs and other hollow organs

Question 43

connective tissue (3)

Answer 43

bone, tendon, and fat and other soft padding tissue