Module 1 - F324 Flashcards
Delocalised electrons
Delocalised electrons are shared between more than two atoms.
Addition reaction
An addition reaction is one in which a reactant is added to an unsaturated molecule to make a saturated molecule.
Substitution reaction
A substitution reaction is one in which an atom or group of atoms is replaced with a different atom or group of atoms.
Electrophile
An electrophile is an atom that is attracted to an electron-rich centre, where it accepts a pair of electrons to form a new covalent bond.
Electrophilic Substitution
Electrophilic substitution is a type of substitution reaction in which an electrophile is attracted to an electron-rich centre or atom, where it accepts a pair of electrons to form a new covalent bond.
Reaction mechanism
A reaction mechanism is a series of steps that, together, make up the overall reaction.
Curly arrow
A curly arrow is a symbol used in reaction mechanisms to show the movement of an electron pair in the breaking or formation of covalent bonds.
Functional group
The functional group is the part of an organic molecule responsible for its chemical reactions
Electronegativity
Electronegativity is a measure of the attraction of a bonded atom for the pair of electrons in a covalent bond.
Stem
The stem is the longest carbon chain present in an organic molecule.
Suffix
A suffix is the part of the name added after the stem.
Redox reaction
A redox reaction is one in which both reduction and oxidation take place.
Reflux
Reflux is the continual boiling and condensing of a reaction mixture to ensure that the reaction takes place without the contents of the flask boiling dry.
Nucleophile
A nucleophile is an atom or group of atoms attracted to an electron-deficient centre, where it donates a pair of electrons to form a new covalent bond.
Esterification
Esterification is the reaction of an alcohol with a carboxylic acid to produce an ester and water.
