Module 1: DNA and Gene Structure Flashcards
1
Q
What is DNA and what is its function?
A
- DNA contains genes which have 2 roles in the cell
-genes are the uni of biological info
-genes are units of inheritance - DNA holds the instructions for an organisms development, survival and reproduction
2
Q
What is the structure of DNA?
A
- stable
- DNA is a polymer - the monomers are called nucleotides
3
Q
What are the components of a nucleotide?
A
Has 3 parts:
1. sugar = 2’ deoxyribose
2. phosphate groups (alpha, beta and gamma)
3. base
4
Q
How many bases are in DNA?
A
4
5
Q
How are bases attached to the sugar?
A
with a β-N-glycosidic bond (beta-N)
6
Q
Which bases are purines?
A
Adenine and Guanine
(A and G)
7
Q
Which bases are pyrimidines?
A
Cytosine and Thymine
(C and T)
8
Q
What is Chargaff’s Rule?
A
Total no. of purines in a DNA molecule = total no. of pyrimidines
9
Q
What are the official names of the four nucleotides?
A
- 2’ -deoxyadenosine 5’ -triphosphae dATP A
- 2’ -deoxyguanosine 5’ -triphosphate dGTP G
- 2’ -deoxycytidine 5’ -triphosphate dCTP C
- 2’ -deoxythymidine 5’ -triphosphate dTTP T
10
Q
A
