Module 1 Definitions Flashcards
Define Physical Activity
Any bodily movement produced by skeletal muscles that results in energy expenditure above resting basal levels.
Define Exercise
Physical activity that is planned, structured, & repetitive & that has a goal of the improvement or maintenance of physical fitness.
Physical Fitness
The capacity of an individual to carry out daily tasks w/ vigor and alertness, without undue fatigue and with ample energy to enjoy leisure pursuits and meet unforeseen emergencies.
Homeostasis
The maintenance of key physiological variables w/in a predefined range via feedback mechanisms.
Bioenergetics
Science of energy transduction (what energy is and how it is acquired, converted, stored, & used) in biological systems.
Thermodynamics
Whether a reaction will occur and in which direction.
Kinetics
The rate of which a reaction occurs.
Energy
The capacity or ability to perform work. [Joules, calories]
Work
The transfer of energy by means other than heat. (Ex. mechanical(muscle contraction), chemical (facilitate mechanical energy/conversion), electrical (move ions to stimulate muscle contraction), osmotic)
Power
Amount of work performed over a specific period of time.
Sedentary Behaviour
Activity that involves little or no movement or physical activity, having an energy expenditure of about 1-1.5 METs
Physiological Threshold
Intensity at which a breakpoint in a physiological variable occurs.
Energy Expenditure
The total amount of energy expended during exercise (resting + exercise).
Metabolic Equivalence of Task (MET)
An index of energy expenditure. The ratio of energy expended during activity to the rate of energy expended at rest.
1 MET = rate of energy expended while sitting at rest
1 MET = O2 utilization of 3.5 mlkg^-1min^-1 (ml x kg x min)
Calorie
Heat Energy required to raise one gram of water one degree.
