Module 1: Cellular Reproduction and Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance

Question 1

What was the role of Gregor Mendel in the discovery of cellular reproduction?

Answer 1

Published ‘Experiments in Plant Hybridisation’ in 1866.

Wrote the laws on inheritance.

Question 2

What did James Watson and Francic Crick discover?

Answer 2

The structure of DNA

Question 3

Define Gene

Answer 3

Unit of function that controls the synthesis of at least 1 protein or RNA

Question 4

What is the route that DNA –> proteins go through in the cell?

Answer 4

DNA is in nuclear envelope –> moves to rough ER where proteins are synthesised –> Smooth ER –> membranes and proteins move to golgi apparatus via transport vesicles –> golgi apparatus modifies and transports products of the ER –> transport vesicles to other parts of cell or out of cell membrane.

Question 5

What is the role of mitochondria?

Answer 5

Site of cellular respiration - generation of ATP using O2

Question 6

What is the role of the cytoskeleton

Answer 6

Extends through the cell to provide structure

- 3 components: microtubules, microfilaments and intermediate filaments

Question 7

What is the role of dihybrid crosses?

Answer 7

To determine if traits and the genes that encode for them are separate.