Module 1 - Breathing Flashcards
What is oxygen therapy?
Oxygen therapy is a drug that is used for people who have difficulties ventilating areas of their lung (eg pneumonia or asthma) or whose gas exchange is impaired (eg heart failure). Its role is to prevent hypoxia.
In emergency situations can the nurse initiate oxygen therapy without medical orders.?
YES
What is the common target value for oxygen saturation in a hospital environment?
> 95%
What is the oxygen saturation target for acute medical conditions?
92% to 96%
What is the oxygen saturation target for people who have COPD or ARDS?
88% to 92%
What can giving too much oxygen lead to?
Oxygen Toxicity
What is the fraction of inspirated Oxygen (FIO2) of room air?
21%
What are the most common ways of administrating low flow oxygen on a medical or surgical ward?
- Nasal cannula
- Simple face mask
- Non re-breathing mask
In a hospital where would you find a supply of oxygen?
The supply of oxygen in hospitals is usually piped into wall outlets at patient bed areas.The oxygen that is adminstered from these units is dry.
What percentage of O2 concentration can nasal prongs deliver?
24%-45% with flow rates of 2-6L/min
What percentage of O2 concentration can the hudson mask deliver?
40-60% with flow rates of 5-8L/min.
When would you use a ventri mask?
When the amount of oxygen delivered must be precisely regulated.
What percentage of oxygen can a non-rebreather mask deliver?
Up to 100%
When is this non-rebreather mask often required?
Used on critically ill and unstable patients as it’s the highest possible rate without mechanical ventilation.
Subjective Data
As a nurse you can’t observe it, can’t prove it.
For example, the patient pain level or if they have tingling in their legs. Patients past experiences, how they feel, etc.
Objective Data
Data that you can see, feel, touch, observe.
If you can observe it, you can measure it.
For example, vital signs, bleeding, vomiting.
What is a primary survey?
A Primary survey involves the initial assessment and if required, emergency management of potential or actual life threatening conditions.
What is a primary survey comprised of?
- Airway
- Breathing
- Circulation
- Disability (GCS)
- Environment/Exposure
What is a secondary survey comprised of?
- Gathering information
- history and mechanism of injury
- reviewing vital signs
- head to toe assessment
- pain control
- reassure and speak with family and friends.
Why is dentifying the mechanism of injury important?
Vital to predicting actual and associated injuries.
What are the two most common forms of injury?
Blunt trauma and Penetrating Trauma.
Name the main passages of the lower airways.
Thorax (chest) which includes:
- trachea
- lungs
- bronchi
- bronchioles
- alveoli
In adults what shape is the thorax?
Oval
Name 3 normal breathing sounds.
Vesicular, bronchovesicular, bronchial
What are abnormal breathing sounds called?
Adventitious breath sounds