Module 1: Anatomy of the SacroPelvic Region.pdf Flashcards
Name the Bones of the Pelvis
Made of the union of three bones
* Ilium, ischium, pubis
2 major muscles attaching to the ilium
- Gluteus medius
- Gluteus profundus
The Tuber sacrale has 2 different names, what are they
PSIS (posterior superior iliac spine)
Dorsal iliac spine
First palpable sacral tubercle in a horse versus a dog
Horse - S2
Dog- S1
What is the segmental contact point for PI ilium
Tuber sacrale – PSIS, dorsal iliac spine
Name the structure that is directly anterior to the tuber sacrale (PSIS, dorsal iliac spine)
Name the 3 reference names
Tuber coxae
Ventral iliac spine
ASIS (anterior superior iliac spine)
What is the tuber coxae a segmental contact point for
AS ilium
What is the segmental contact point for AS ilium
Tuber coxae
ASIS
ventral iliac spine
The tuber coxae is the major muscle attachment for
superficial gluteal m.,
EAO and IAO and
tensor fascia latae m
points you touch on the animal to make the adjustment are known as?
Segmental contact points
What part of the ischium to the hamstring muscles attach to?
Ischial tuberosity
What is the ischial tuberosity a segmental contact point for adjusting?
AS ilium
What part of the pelvis provides attachment for rectus abdominus
Pubis
Part of the pelvis thats formed by all 3 bones, creates the socket portion of ball and socket joint for hip?
________________
Acetabulum
Opening in the pelvis formed by ischium and pubis
Obturator foramen
When do all 3 bones of the pelvis unite in the dog versus the horse (include when secondary centers ossify)?
Dog: all 3 bones by 6 months (secondary centers 2 years-why OFA rads(xrays) can’t be taken until 2 years of age
Horse: all 3 bones unite by 1 year, secondary ossification centers of pelvis 5 years
The sacral segments vary in different animals. state how many segents in each set of animals and when they fuse by
dog/cat
cow/horse
goats/sheep/pig
- Dog & cat – fusion of 3 segments
- Fuse by age 6 months
- Ox and horse – 5 segments
- Fuse by age 4
- Goats, sheep, hog – 4 segments
What is the first palpable sacral tubercle on horse versus dog?
horse: s2
dog: s1
Where is the sacral base on the dog versus the horse
both are between the tuber sacrale (slightly in the middle and back)
you will feel on the dog S1
on the horse your sacral base is S2 (the first palpable)
Segmental contact point for lateral aspect of sacrum
Sacral Apex (there can be right or left)
Pronounced slope to croup predisposes to _______
strain and extra stress on hip joint (German
Shepherds)
lumbar
Upright posture predisposes to problems in the ______
stifle
(due to hyperextended hocks and upright posture)
What * Provides point for muscle attachment
* Biceps femoris, gluteus medius and superficialis, semimembranosus,
longissimus mm.
Sacrotuberous ligament
What species lacks a sacrotuberous ligament
Cats (Feline)
___________ ____________
is Analysis of each motor unit for hypomobility and
hypermobility
Motion Palpation
What is the purpose of motion palpation?
to take joints through their range of
motion and look for restricted (hypomobile) or
excessive (hypermobile) movement
In order to assess motion palpation effectively an animal must be _________ to evaluate
relaxed
What does the animal feel when pushing something further into subluxation
pain
Notice depression between adjacent tuber sacrale – loss of
depression indicates _____ _____ ______
SPB: sacral base posterior
If a basenji dog, wont hold the tail up (akita) what might be going on or if they have chronic anal gland problems?
sacral apex problem
Evaluate pelvic limb leg length
* Long leg – _______
* Short leg – ________
- Long leg – PI ilium
- Short leg – AS ilium
What does loss of muscle mass indicate? What can assist in locating the lesion
spinal subluxations
and knowing which nerves roots innervate which
muscles can assist in localizing the lesion
_______ _________
Part of the CNS
* Enclosed within the vertebral column along with the dorsal
and ventral spinal nerve roots
Spinal Cord
The spinal cord carries dorsal and ventral roots…..what does each carry specifically. “_____” info
- Dorsal roots carry sensory info (Dory is a sensitive fish)
- Ventral roots carry motor info (Vroom for “motor” like a car”
How does the spinal cord send out info?
Via spinal nerves conducting info to and from the brain
processes afferent info and discharges motor
info
Reflex center of the Central nervous system is referenced toward
the spinal cord
