Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Nutrition and health > Module 1: An Overview of Nutrition > Flashcards

Module 1: An Overview of Nutrition Flashcards

1
Q

What is nutrition?

A

The study of how food nourishes the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what is food?

A

Any substance the body can take in and assimilate; a source of nutrients

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what is diet?(not referring to restrictive weight-loss plan)

A

The food and beverages a person usually eats and drinks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what challenges do we face when choosing our food?

A

Social guilt, financial, medical conditions, environment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are the 5 characteristics of a nutritious diet?

A 
Adequacy
Balance
Energy Balance
Moderation
Variety
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is adequacy?

A

If you don’t have enough iron in your food it can cause anemia.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is a balanced diet?

A

A balanced diet is when there is enough of all. Differents nutrients eating from a variety of different foods

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what is an Energy Balance diet?

A

Take enough nutrients to support your basic metabolism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is moderation?

A

Not eat everything, to have moderation. Provide enough but not too much of a substance.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is variety in a nutritious diet?

A

If people are eating just a few foods there is a chance that they are not going to get enough nutrients to maintain optimal health.

Eating a wide selection of foods from the major food
groups.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

A well-chosen array of foods will prevent what?

a) obesity
b) overweight
c) malnutrition
d) all of the above
e) None of the above

A

c) malnutrition

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Malnutrition includes what?

A 
Nutrient deficiencies (iron deficiency - anemia)
Nutrient imbalances (not able to absorb a nutrient)
Nutrient excesses ( salt, fat)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

TRUE OR FALSE

Foods consumed have a cumulative effect on your body

A

true

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

The effects of food on your body become obvious with what?

A

with age

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Diet has a significant impact upon what?

A

upon long-term health prospects

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

How powerful is a nutritious diet in preventing disease?

A

They have a vital role in supporting health.
If we look at the leading causes of death in Canada, the majority is connected with foods, health style. For example stroke, heart disease, diabetes.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Besides diet, what other factors affect health?

A

Tabacco use, alcohol, substance abuse, physical activity, sleep, stress, isolation, conditions at home

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

TRUE OR FALSE

Foods and humans are not made of the same materials

A

FALSE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What are nutrients?

A

Nutrients are components of food required for the body’s functioning

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What are the roles of nutrients?

A

provide energy, building material, maintenance and repair, support growth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What are the 6 classes of nutrients?

A

carbs, proteins, vitamins, minerals, lipids and water

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

writes about the composition of the body of those who have more than% at least

A

water - fat - (protein, carbs, minerals of the bones)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What are the chemical nutrients?

A

Energy, Nutrients, phytochemicals ( chemicals that are in plants)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What are essential nutrients?

A

Needed from outside the body, normally from foods. The body cannot make

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Which nutrients are organic?
carbs, lipids, proteins and vitamins
26
Which nutrients are inorganic?
minerals and water
27
which nutrients are energy-yielding?
carbs, lipids, proteins
28
which nutrients are macronutrients?
carbs, lipids, proteins (calories)
29
which nutrients are micronutrients?
vitamins and minerals ( no calories)
30
What type of energy does the body use?
body use macronutrients, the bonds between the atoms break so energy is released and this energy can be used or stored.
31
What does macronutrients do to the body?
Macronutrients provide raw material for building tissue and regulating body activities, proteins regulate digestion and energy metabolism
32
How many organic vitamins there is?
13
33
What are the roles of vitamins?
they facilitate energy release and they are vulnerable to destruction (heat, light, and chemicals)
34
How many minerals are esential?
16
35
What are the role of minerals?
they are indestructible, but they may be lost during processing
36
TRUE OR FALSE | water is the environment for nearly all body processes?
true
37
where do we calculate calories? And how do you calculate?
bomb calorimeter. You put the food in a bomb calorimeter and change the temperature. With the high temperature, the food will burn and the energy will be measured
38
What are the energy values of proteins, fat, cho, alcohol
protein - 4kcal/g fat - 9kcal/g cho- 4kcal/g alcohol- 7kcal/g
39
If you need to calculate the % of energy supplied by fat how would you do?
fat kcal/ total kcal
40
Nutrition include what types of jobs?
``` clinical nutrition communiy nutrition public health food policy food science ```
41
what is the new branch of nutrition?
nutritional genomics
42
What is the steps of a scientific method?
1) Observation and question 2) Hypothesis and prediction 3) experiments 4) results and interpretantion 5) hypothesis supported - theoru and new observation 6) hypothesis not supported - new observation and question
43
Associate the phrase with a scientifc method a) design a study and collect the revelevant data b) integrates conclusions with those from numerous other studies c) identify a problem to be solved or ask a specific question to be answered d) a tentative solution to the problem or answer to the question e) summarize- analize and interpret the data
a) experiment b) theory c) observation and question d) hypothesis and prediction e) results and interpretation
44
What is the 4 research studies?
controls, sample size, placebo and double blind
45
What is control in a research study?
The control have 2 groups. The experimental group (receive the vitamin) and the control group ( doesnt receive the vitamin) To do this researches must ensure that each person has an equal chance of being assigne to either the experimental or the control group this is accomplish by randomization
46
what is randomization?
it helps to elimate bias and ensure that the 2 groups are equal and that observed differences reflect the treatment and not other factors
47
What is sample size in a research study?
large groups to ensure that ramdom differences between the 2 groups do not influence the results
48
What is a placebo?
a change that occurs in response to expectations about the effectiveness of the treatment
49
What is a double blind?
The subjects and the researchers don't know which subjects are in which group
50
What are the 2 types of research? Define each study
epidemiological studies and experimental studies. Epidemiological = population base study. Rasing partners, but don't say why Experimental = cause and effect
51
What are the three subcategories of epidemiological study?
cross-sectional studies case-control studies cohort studies
52
Explain what is cross-sectional studies
Research observe how much and what kinds of food a group of people eat and how healthy those people are
53
Explain what is case-control studies
Research compare people who do and do not have a given condition such as disease, closely matching them in age, sex... and other key variables so that the difference in other factors stand out
54
Explain what is cohort studies
Research analyze data collected from a selected group of people at intervals over a certain time period of time
55
What are the three subcategories of experimental study?
laboratory-based animal studies, laboratory-based in vitro studies and human intervention trials
56
Explain what is laboratory-based animal studies?
Research feed animal special diets that provide or omit specific nutrients and then observe any changes in health. This study test positive diseases causes and treatments
57
Explain what is laboratory-based in vitro studies
researchers examine the effects of a specific variable on a tissue, cell or molecule isolated from a living organism
58
Explain what is human intervention trials
researchers ask people to adopt a new behaviour. These trials help determine the effectiveness of such interventions on the development or prevention of diseases
59
Which study and subcategory test diseases causes and treatment?
experimental study - laboratory-based animal studies
60
Which study and subcategory test how much and what kind of food do people eat?
epidemiological - cross sectional studies
61
Which study and subcategory analyze data from a selected group?
epidemiological - cohort studies
62
Which study and subcategory analyze specific variables on a tissue, cell from a living organism?
experimental - laboratory based in vitro studies
63
Which study and subcategory ask people to adopt a new behaviour, to determine the effectiveness of interventions or prevention of diseases?
experimental - human interventions trials
64
Which study and subcategory compare people who do and do not have a specific condition ex. disease, and matching them closely with someone of the same sex and age to see the differences?
epidemiological - case control study
65
correlations shows what?
shows association and not cause
66
what is a positive correlation?
Goes to the same direction the more vitamins, the more colds Not necessarily the desired outcome
67
what is a negative correlation?
No correlation- chance or 3rd factor. the more vitamins, the less colds
68
TRUE OR FALSE As ice cream sales increase, so do the number of shark attacks. This is an example of causation
FALSE, it is CORRELATION
69
What is the best research evidence?
meta-analyses / systematic reviews
70
What are some red flags that we can find in products?
``` Quick and easy fixes natural meaningless medical jargon personal testimonials paranoid accusations time tested or newfound treatment one product does it all satisfaction guaranteed ```
71
Registred professional dietician is registred by?
RD Registered Dietatioan PDt/ DtP Dietetiste/Nutritioniste in QC LD Licensed Dietitian in US DTR Diet Technical Registered in US
72
what is a dietitian?
Is a regulated health professional that is passionate about the potential of food to enhance lives and improve health.

Nutrition and health (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions