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Nursing 1 > Module 1 Acid-base Balance > Flashcards

Module 1 Acid-base Balance Flashcards

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1
Q

Dangerous pH levels

A

Below 7

Above 7.6

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2
Q

Volatile Acid produced in the body

A

Only Carbonic Acid (H2CO3)

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3
Q

Nonvolatile acids produced in the body

A

Every acid except carbonic acid produced

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4
Q

Lactic acid

A

Resulting from cellular destruction

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5
Q

Hydrochloride acid

A

Found in stomach secretions

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6
Q

Phosphoric acid

A

From the oxidation of phospholipids and phosphoproteins

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7
Q

Sulfuric acid

A

Formed by oxidation of sulfur containing amino acids

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8
Q

Three systems to maintain normal pH

A

Buffer
Respiratory
Renal

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9
Q

Buffers

A

Substances that prevent major pH change by releasing hydrogen ions

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10
Q

What system is used if body is too alkaline

A

Buffer system

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11
Q

Three buffer systems

A

Bicarbonate-carbonic acid
Phosphate
Protein

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12
Q

Bicarbonate (HCO3) to carbonic (H2CO3) ratio

A

20:1

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13
Q

Acidosis

A

pH drops below 7.35

Build up of acid in the bloodstream

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14
Q

Alkalosis

A

pH rises above 7.45

Blood is too alkaline

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15
Q

PaO2

A

Measure of pressure exerted by oxygen that is dissolved in the plasma

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16
Q

PaCO2

A

Measures the pressure exerted by dissolved carbon dioxide in the blood and reflects the respiratory component of acid base regulation by the lungs

17
Q

Hyperventilation is the result of

A

Respiratory alkalosis

18
Q

Clients with type 1 diabetes mellitus are at risk for

A

Diabetic ketoadidosis

19
Q

Acute lactic acidosis results from

A

Tissue hypoxia due to shock or cardiac arrest

20
Q

Signs of Metabolic Acidosis (14)

A 
Weakness
Abdominal pain
Nausea/vomiting
Diminished appetite
Fatigue
Headache
General malaise
Decreasing LOCs
Dysrhythmias
Bradycardia
Warm, flushed skin
Skeletal products
Hyperventilation (kussmauls respiration’s)
Dyspnea
21
Q

Metabolic acidosis effects on ABGs

A

Lower pH
Lower HCO3
Lower PaCO2

22
Q

Metabolic Alkalosis effect on ABGs

A

Higher pH
Higher HCO3
Higher PaCO2

23
Q

Normal PaO2 value

A

80-100 mmHg

24
Q

PaO2 less then 80mmHg

A

Hypoxemia

Nursing 1 (1 decks)

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