Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

CARD training > Module 1 > Flashcards

Module 1 Flashcards

1
Q

what is behavior analysis

A

science of behavior based upon the principle of learning and motivation studied extensively by psychologist B.F. Skinner

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

why do we want to understand behavior

A
  1. some behaviors are good
  2. some behaviors are bad
  3. as we grow we learn how to behave in better ways
  4. sometimes we have difficulty learning new, good behaviors
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

why do we have difficulty learning good behaviors

A
  1. we may have barriers

2. the behaviors we see are not good

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

if we understand why people behave the way they do we can

A
  1. help learn positive behaviors

2. prevent people from learning bad behaviors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

understanding behavior allows us to () it

A

change

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

the goal is to understand learning and motivation so we have to do three things

A
  1. describe behavior
  2. predict behavior
  3. change behavior
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

assumptions of behavior analysis

A
  1. behavior follows predictable laws
  2. behavior can be understood by studying how it interacts with the environment
  3. importance of scientific experimentation, free from bias and opinion
  4. all behavior should be observable and measurable
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

environment

A

the collection of physical items and behavioral events that a person experience at a given time

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

direct observation

A

allows us to measure actual behavior and gather evidence regarding what is happening

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

applied behavior analysis stands for

A

ABA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

ABA define

A

the application of the principle of behavior to issues that are socially important, in order to produce practical change

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what does it mean to produce practical change

A

aba is the application of these principles of real life issues in order to change behaviors and improve lives

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

socially significant issues

A

extinction, generalization, reinforcement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

how does aba work

A
  1. changes behavior
  2. applying behavioral principles to real life situations and behavior results in our ability to change behavior
  3. individuals can learn new skills behave in more effective ways, replace problematic behaviors with ones that are more successful
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what is the core principle of aba

A

desirable consequences will increase behavior whereas undesirable consequences will decrease behavior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

behavior define

A

anything a person says or does

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

behavior can be

A

public or private

18
Q

response define

A

a particular occurrence or instance of a behavior

19
Q

stimulus

A

any physical object or event that an individual can see, hear, smell, touch, taste

20
Q

a stimuli can be

A

public or private

21
Q

environment define in regards to stimuli

A

all events that affect the behavior of an organism public and private

22
Q

the three term contingency

A

the unit analysis used within ABA to understand to understand, predict and change behavior and the environment

23
Q

consist of 3 primary components

A
  1. antecedent
  2. behavior or response
  3. consequence
24
Q

the ABC gives us information about behavior occurring

A
  1. what triggers or events where the behavior occurs
  2. what does behavior look like
  3. what outcome is the behavior resulting in
25
Q

why behavior is occurring is called the () of the behavior

A

FUNCTION

26
Q

() is key in all conditioning and behavioral training

A

consistency

27
Q

what is autism

A

pervasive developmental disorder which significantly affects individuals across multiple areas of ability

28
Q

autism is () to () times more likely in boys than in girls

A
  1. 4

2. 5

29
Q

1 in () individuals is diagnosed with ASD

A

68

30
Q

primary characteristics of ASD

A
  1. baed on a spectrum
  2. affects people across several different areas of ability
  3. considered pervasive
  4. meaning ASD, differs from other disorders, such as language delay or behavioral disorder, which are isolated to one developmental area
31
Q

there are three primary areas that are affected by ASD

A
  1. problems with social communication
  2. problems with social interactions
  3. presence of restrictive or repetitive behaviors/interests
32
Q

problems with social communication

A
  1. basic communication- wants and needs
  2. conversational language-commenting and asking
  3. complex social language-humor and sarcasm or non literal language
33
Q

problems with social interactions

A
  1. basic social behavior-imitation, attending to others, sharing experiences
  2. basic social interactions -reciprocating greetings, joining and maintaining play, making and sustaining peer relationships
  3. non vocal gestures-eye contact, facial expressions,
34
Q

presence of restrictive or repetitive behaviors/interests

A
  1. repetitive motor mannerisms/stereotypy: non-vocal behaviors such as body rocking, spinning pacing etc
  2. repetitive vocal behaviors/steroetypy and routines-humming, echolalia
  3. object fixation and manipulation-arranging items in lines, hoarding, repave manipulation of objects in non-functional ways
  4. extreme need for sameness and routines-rigid adherence to rules, schedules routes, placement of items and roles
  5. obsession with unusual topics of interest- narrow. interest in one or few ideas, themes, reluctance to shift from preferred interests
35
Q

criteria for asd

A
  1. must be present before age 3
  2. impact ability to function
  3. must not be better explained by another diagnosis
  4. severity in language or intellectual impairment
36
Q

characteristics of asd

A
  1. hyper/hypo sensitivity to sensory stimuli
  2. issues with motor skills and adapting
  3. difficulties with academic and vocational
  4. impairments in perspective taking and executive functioning
37
Q

pervasive skill deficits may result in

A
  1. tantrums
  2. aggression towards others or self
  3. non compliance
  4. eloping our running away
38
Q

goal of aba for people with asd

A

assist each learning to maximize his/her potential through individualized instruction and interventions

39
Q

lovaas 1987

A

1) used participants under age 4 with asd
2) two control with 21 kids receiving either 10 hours or no aba per week,
3) experimental group with 19 kids receiving 40 hurt a week at home with DTT, was addressing all areas affected, gradually transitioned into typical preschool, generalization of social skills
5) after two years 47% of the experimental group attend education, scored within normal IQ range
6) control groups only had 2% attending regular school and scoring normally

40
Q

mcechanin, smith and lovaas

A

participants from lovaas previous study were seen at 11 and experimental group maintained gains

41
Q

eikeseth 2007

A

1) investigated whether oder children could be helped by aba 4-7 years old
2) experimental group received 30 hours of aba per week
3) control received 30 hours special education placement per week using various approaches
4) experimental group did better on IQ and developmental gains
5) aba intervention can be helpful even later

42
Q

components of EIBI: early intensive behavioral intervention

A
  1. treatment should begin early
  2. can still be effective later
  3. instruction with trained staff
  4. 30-40 hours
  5. intervention must be based on principle of behavior learning
  6. increase desirable behavior, decrease challenging
  7. individually tailored
  8. modified based on response
  9. all areas should be treated
  10. focus on all areas of development
  11. may start in home/clinic setting
  12. should transition to school and community
  13. key in aba
  14. consistency
  15. observe and model skills
  16. practice with others
  17. generally 2-3 years
  18. depend on needs

CARD training (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions