Module 1

Question 1

Prokaryotic cell

Answer 1

Lack nuclei and membrane-bound organelles

Question 2

Eukaryotic cell

Answer 2

Cells that contain a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles

More complex than prokaryotic cells

Question 3

Organelles

Answer 3

Cell components that peform specific activitys

Question 4

Mitochondria

Answer 4

Converts energy stored in food into usable energy (ATP) for work

Question 5

Ribosomes

Answer 5

Where protein synthesis is carried out

Question 6

Endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 6

Intercellular highway (a path along which molecules move from one part of the cell to the other)
Rough and smooth ER

Question 7

Organelles

Answer 7

Cell components that peform specific functions

Question 8

Cell membrane

Answer 8

Selectively permeable boundary between the cell and the external environment

Question 9

Structure of cell membrane

Answer 9

Phospholipid bilayer with proteins that function as channels, markers, and receptors

Question 10

What type of cells do NOT have a cell wall

Answer 10

Animal cells

Question 11

Cytoplasm

Answer 11

Contains salts, minerals and organic molecules

Question 12

Rough ER

Answer 12

Covered in ribosomes

Processes proteins

Question 13

Smooth ER

Answer 13

Synthesis of lipids

Question 14

Golgi body

Answer 14

Receives proteins from the rER and distributes them to other organelles or out of the cell

Question 15

Lysosomes

Answer 15

Breaks down food particles, invading objects, or worn out cell parts

Question 16

Vacuoles

Answer 16

Used for temporary storage of wastes, nutrients, and water

Question 17

Chloroplasts

Answer 17

Stacked thylakoids

Photosynthesis

Question 18

Major differences between plant and animal cells

Answer 18

1. Animal cells do not contain chloroplasts
2. Animal cells are not surrounded by cell walls
3. The vacuoles in plants are much larger and permanent than those of animals

Question 19

Features of microscopes

Answer 19

1. Magnification

2. Resolution

Question 20

What is the plasma membrane made of?

Answer 20

Lipids and proteins

Question 21

Hydrophillic head

Answer 21

Attracted to water

Question 22

Hydrophobic tail

Answer 22

Repelled by water