Module 1 Flashcards
Prokaryotic cell
Lack nuclei and membrane-bound organelles
Eukaryotic cell
Cells that contain a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles
More complex than prokaryotic cells
Organelles
Cell components that peform specific activitys
Mitochondria
Converts energy stored in food into usable energy (ATP) for work
Ribosomes
Where protein synthesis is carried out
Endoplasmic reticulum
Intercellular highway (a path along which molecules move from one part of the cell to the other) Rough and smooth ER
Organelles
Cell components that peform specific functions
Cell membrane
Selectively permeable boundary between the cell and the external environment
Structure of cell membrane
Phospholipid bilayer with proteins that function as channels, markers, and receptors
What type of cells do NOT have a cell wall
Animal cells
Cytoplasm
Contains salts, minerals and organic molecules
Rough ER
Covered in ribosomes
Processes proteins
Smooth ER
Synthesis of lipids
Golgi body
Receives proteins from the rER and distributes them to other organelles or out of the cell
Lysosomes
Breaks down food particles, invading objects, or worn out cell parts
Vacuoles
Used for temporary storage of wastes, nutrients, and water
Chloroplasts
Stacked thylakoids
Photosynthesis
Major differences between plant and animal cells
- Animal cells do not contain chloroplasts
- Animal cells are not surrounded by cell walls
- The vacuoles in plants are much larger and permanent than those of animals
Features of microscopes
- Magnification
2. Resolution
What is the plasma membrane made of?
Lipids and proteins
Hydrophillic head
Attracted to water
Hydrophobic tail
Repelled by water
