Module 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Function:

Midbrain

A
  • contains areas for auditory and visual reflexes
  • has important nuclei for stabilising somatic movement
  • relays impulses to two important reflex integration areas
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Function:

Pons

A
  • Has sleep centre and respiratory centre

- bridge between mid brain, MO, cerebrum, spinal cord and cerebellum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Function:

Medulla Oblongata

A

-has ascending and descending pathways
-also has important integration areas for important reflex such as:
:- respiratory centre
:- cardiac centre
:- vasomotor centre
:- coughing and sneezing
:- vomiting
:- hiccuping
:- swallowing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the main difference between endocrine and exocrine glands?

A
  • endocrine gland are ductless, thus they secrete their products (hormones) directly into blood
  • exocrine glands have ducts, thus they secrete their products directly into the point of release
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is a tropic hormone?

Give examples

A

A hormone that stimulates the release of another hormone from other endocrine glands.
E.g. FSH, ACTH, LH, TSH, APG inhibiting and releasing hormones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Define with example:

Autocrine

A
  • hormones that affect the same cells that release them.

- e.g. WBCs during an infection release a hormone which causes them to divide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Define with example: Paracrine

A
  • hormones that affect neighbouring cells

- e.g. GUT cells release hormone histamine which causes local vasodilation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Define with example:

Endocrine

A
  • Hormones that affect sites distant from source

- e.g. ACTH from APG stimulates release of hormones from the gonads

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the solubility & M.O.A of:

Protein (glyco), Peptide (poly) and Amino acid derived hormones?

A
  • Solubility: water soluble

- MOA: indirect

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the solubility & M.O.A of:

Steroid derived hormones?

A
  • solubility: lipid soluble

- MOA: direct

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Which hormones are protein (glyco) derived?

Hint: there are 5

A
  • FSH
  • lutenising hormone
  • TSH
  • GH
  • insulin
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Which hormones are peptide (poly) derived?

Hint: there are 5

A
  • PTH
  • ACTH
  • glucagon
  • ADH
  • Calcitonin
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Which hormones are aa derived?

Hint: there are 2

A
  • Adrenaline
  • T3/T4 (But these act as steroid hormones, have solubility in water but act as steroid based hormone (direct method of action))
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Which hormones are steroid derived?

Hint there are 2

A
  • Aldosterone

- Cortisol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What type of control is initiated in the cerebral cortex?

A

Conscious control–> we are aware of its actions.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What type of control is initiated in the brainstem?

A

Subconscious control, occurs via reflexes or hormones