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Nursing Research > Module 1 > Flashcards

Module 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

research

A

a systematic inquiry that uses disciplined methods to answer questions and solve problems

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2
Q

What is the ultimate goal of formal research?

A

To gain knowledge that would be useful for many people

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3
Q

nursing research

A

systematic inquiry designed to develop trustworthy evidence about issues of importance to nurses and their clients

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4
Q

clinical nursing research

A

research designed to guide nursing practice

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5
Q

evidence based practice

A

the use of the best evidence in making patient care decisions, and such evidence typically comes from research conducted by nurses and other health care professionals

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6
Q

systematic reviews

A

rigorously integrate research information on a topic so that conclusions about the state of evidence can be reached

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7
Q

positivism

A

a reflection of a broader cultural movement that emphasizes the rational and the scientific

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8
Q

assumption

A

a principle that is believed to be true without verification

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9
Q

determinism

A

refers to the positivists’ belief that phenomena are not haphazard, but rather have antecedent causes

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10
Q

constructivist paradigm

A

assumes that knowledge is maximized when the distance between the inquirer and participants in the study is minimized

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11
Q

research methods

A

the techniques researchers use to structure a study and to gather and analyze relevant information

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12
Q

quantitative research

A

most closely associated with positivism

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13
Q

qualitative research

A

most closely linked to constructivist inquiry

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14
Q

cause probing studies

A

studies designed to illuminate the underlying causes of phenomena

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15
Q

research utilization

A

the use of findings from disciplined research in a practical application that is unrelated to the original research

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16
Q

meta-analysis

A

a technique for integrating quantitative research findings statistically

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17
Q

clinical practice guidelines

A

give specific recommendations for evidence-based decision making

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18
Q

implementation potential

A

organizational “fit”

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19
Q

Cochrane Collaboration

A

aim is to help providers make good health care decisions by preparing and disseminating systematic reviews of the effects of health care interventions

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20
Q

evidence hierarchy

A

purport to rank evidence sources according to the strength of the evidence they provide

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21
Q

What is the highest level of evidence?

A

Systematic review

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22
Q

meta-syntheses

A

integrate and amplify findings across qualitative studies

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23
Q

problem-focused trigger

A

the identification of clinical practice problem in need of solution

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24
Q

knowledge-focused trigger

A

begins with innovation or research finding

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25
Q

informant

A

the people participating in a qualitative study

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26
Q

subject or participant

A

the people being studied in a quantitative study

27
Q

study site

A

the overall location for a study

28
Q

concepts

A

abstractions of particular aspects of human behavior and characteristics Ex: pain, fatigue

29
Q

construct

A

also refers to an abstraction but often one that is deliberately invented Ex: self-care

30
Q

theory

A

explanation of some aspect of reality

31
Q

variable

A

characteristic or quality that takes on different values; quantitative research

32
Q

independent variable

A

the presumed cause

33
Q

dependent variable

A

the presumed effect

34
Q

continuous variable

A

variables that take on a wide range of values Ex: height, weight

35
Q

categorical variable

A

variable that takes on only a few values Ex: marital status, gender

36
Q

conceptual definition

A

the abstract or theoretical meaning of a concept being studied

37
Q

operational definition

A

the operations a researcher must perform to measure the concept and collect the desired information

38
Q

data

A

the pieces of information gathered in a study

39
Q

quantitative data

A

information in numeric form

40
Q

qualitative data

A

narrative descriptions

41
Q

relationship

A

a bond or connection between two or more phenomena

42
Q

cause and effect

A

causal relationship

43
Q

associative

A

functional relationship

44
Q

experimental research

A

researchers actively introduce an intervention or treatment

45
Q

non-experimental research

A

researchers collect data without introducing treatments or making changes

46
Q

clinical trials

A

experimental studies in medical or epidemiological research

47
Q

observational studies

A

non-experimental inquiries

48
Q

phenomenology

A

concerned with the lived experiences of humans

49
Q

grounded theory

A

seeks to describe and understand key social psychological processes that occur in a social setting

50
Q

ethnography

A

provides a framework for studying the patterns, lifeways, and experiences of a defined cultural group in a holistic fashion

51
Q

gaining entree

A

typically involves negotiations with gatekeepers who have authority to permit entry into their world

52
Q

emergent design

A

a design that emerges during the course of data collection; occurs in qualitative studies

53
Q

journal article

A

descriptions of studies published in professional journals

54
Q

abstract

A

brief description of the study placed at the beginning of the article

55
Q

findings

A

presented in the result section

56
Q

statistical tests

A

test hypotheses and assess the probability that the results are accurate

57
Q

statistically significant

A

the findings are probably true and replicable with a new sample

58
Q

level of significance

A

an index of how probable it is that the findings are reliable

59
Q

critique

A

an objective assessment of a study’s strengths and limitations

60
Q

inference

A

a conclusion drawn from the study evidence using logical reasoning and taking into account the methods used to generate that evidence

61
Q

reliability

A

refers to the accuracy and consistency of information obtained in a study

62
Q

validity

A

more complex concept that broadly concerns the soundness of the study’s evidence

63
Q

triangulation

A

the use of multiple sources or referents to draw conclusions about what constitutes the truth

Nursing Research (1 decks)

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