Module 1 Flashcards
Pulmonary circulation is a ___ pressure system
LOW
Volume of blood pumped per heart beat is ____ in ______ and ______ ________
Equal
Pulmonary and systemic circulation
High pressure system
systemic circulation
arteriogenesis
collateral growth
coronary blood flow ml/min
%
250 ml/min
5% resting cardiac output
Systole aka
Isovolumetric CONTRACTION
Ventricular ejection
Diastole aka
Isovolumetric RELAXATION
Ventricular filling
Arterial Systole
Right ventricle shape
Triangular
like a “bellow”
Left ventricle shape
“Bullett shape”
Atria contract and force additional blood into ventricles
Atrial kick
1st heart sound
AV snap shut
ventricle begins to contract
2nd heart sound
Semilunar valves snap shut
ventricle pressure falls
Ventricles _____ fill with blood
passively
Vibration of ventricular walls from rush of blood
3rd Heart Sound (if applicable)
mc young people
Abnormal sounds heard over heart
murmur
Abnormal sounds heard over vascular system
Bruit
Maximum heart rate calculations
220-age = MMR
208-(0.7xage)=MMR
Target heart rate traditional
MHR x chosen% = THR
Target heart rate- heart rate reserve method (Karvonen)
(MHR-RHR) x chosen% + RHR = THR
Resting and maximum SV after aerobic training
BOTH increase
Cardiac output calc
SV x HR
Ejection fraction calc
SV/EDV
Opening of a valve is narrowed
stenosis
valve mechanically incompetent, allows “back flow”
regurgitation/insufficency
SV at rest
approx 70 ml
resting SV may increase up to 100 in elite athletes
SV max in exercise
up to 150-200ml
CO at rest
5 L/min
* this WILL NOT change with aerobic training**
CO at exercise (max)
25-30 L/min
Normal Ejection fraction
Below normal
At risk
50-70%
40-50%
