Module 1 Flashcards
Learning outcomes for Module 1
What is the definition of personality
a set of psychological traits and mechanisms within the individual that is organized and relatively enduring and that influences their interactions with and adaptations to the environment
What is the goal of personality psychology
to explain peoples behaviour, including
- describing / measuring / explaining how people differ
- uncovering the conscious and unconscious thoughts that drive behaviour
- predicting what people will do in the future
Dispositional Approach
How do people differ psychologically from one another
Biological Approach
How do genetics / physiology / evolution relate to personality
Intrapsychic Approach
How does the unconscious mind influence behaviour
Cognitive / Experiential Approach
how does our conscious mind and emotional experiences affect our personality
Sources of personality data
S-data (self-reported), O-data (observer-reported), T-data (test data) and L-data (life-outcome)
What are the personality measures
reliability, validity, and generalizability
Reliability definition
consistency of measurements
Test-retest reliability
Consistency of a measure over time
Inter-test reliability
Consistency of items that go into the overall score
- Do all of the items measure the same thing
Inter-rater reliability
Consistency of scores across observers
Validity
Does the test measure what is claims to measure
Face-validity
The test looks like it’s measuring what it claims to be measuring
Predictive validity
The measure predicts criteria outside of the test
- Predicts some real world outcomes
