Module 1 Flashcards
Cell
Basic unit of life & all organisms are made up of single/group cells
Who first observed cells
- Robert Hooke in 1965 (cork cells)
- Anton V.L in 1673 saw animalcules in pond water and improved microfying power
How do we see cells
Through microscopes: light, electron & flueroescence
Cell theory
- All living organisms are composed of cells
- Cell is the structural and functional unit of life
- Cells arise from pre-existing ones
1/2 - Scheliden & Schwann, 3 - Virchow
3 Cell theory Exceptions
- Viruses: needs host cell to reproduce & inert outside of cell
- Viroids: Need host to replicate
- Prions: no nucleic acids
Properties of cells
- Complex & organized but enclosed in cell membrane
- Genetic program: dna & central dogma
- Can replicate through cell division (mitosis & meiosis)
- Get and use energy
- Perform chemical reactions
- Engage in mechanical activities like transport
- Respond to stimuli
- Self-regulate
Cytoplasm
Contains all contents in cell membrane
Cytosol
Jelly-like fluid that surrounds organelles
Cell membrane
Controls movement of material into/out of the cell
Classes of cells
Prokaryotes & Eukaryotes
Nucleic Acids
- store and transfer info
-contain dna
-able to replicate
Central dogma
DNA transcribed into RNA which is translated to protein
Central dogma
DNA transcribed into RNA which is translated to protein
Prokaryotes
Simply organized cells without nucleus or membrane bound organelles
- Bacteria: plasmids & cell wall
- Archea: isprenoud cell membrane, live in extremes
Protists (eukaryotes)
Diverse group, mostly single cells, some colonies, ex: algae, slime molds
Fungi (eukaryotes)
- Cell walls with chitin (modified polysaccharides)
- dependent on preformed organic molecules of molecules & energy (absorb from environment)
- heterotrophs
- yeasts, rusts
