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93213 Fundamentals of Mental Health Nursing > Module 1 > Flashcards

Module 1 Flashcards

Mental Health, Wellbeing, Continuum of Mental Health, Mental Health Challenges, Language Awareness, National Mental Health Commission, National Survey of Mental Health and Wellbeing, Mental Health Care Settings, Australian Mental Health Services and Workforce, World Mental Health

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1
Q

What is mental health?

A) The absence of mental illness

B) A state of wellbeing where individuals realise their potential, handle normal life stresses, work productively, and contribute to their community

C) Only the emotional aspect of a person’s life

D) The ability to work without taking breaks

A

B) A state of wellbeing where individuals realize their potential, handle normal life stresses, work productively, and contribute to their community

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2
Q

Which of the following is not emphasised in a holistic approach to mental health?

A) Resilience and supportive environments

B) Stigma reduction and fostering inclusive communities

C) The absence of stress or challenges in life

D) Access to services and mental health awareness

A

C) The absence of stress or challenges in life

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3
Q

Mental health primarily focuses on which of the following?

A) Conditions like depression and anxiety
B) Emotional, psychological, and social wellbeing
C) Avoiding negative experiences
D) All of the above

A

B) Emotional, psychological, and social wellbeing

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4
Q

What are the 9 domains that make up wellbeing?

A

1) Emotional
2) Physical
3) Social
4) Environmental
5) Cultural
6) Political
7) Psychological
8) Spiritual
9) Mental

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5
Q

Which domain of mental health involves feeling good about yourself and managing your emotions well?

A) Physical
B) Psychological
C) Emotional
D) Social

A

C) Emotional

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6
Q

Which domain of mental health is related to your ability to interact with others and maintain good relationships?

A) Social
B) Environmental
C) Political
D) Spiritual

A

A) Social

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7
Q

What does psychological mental health primarily involve?

A) Managing your emotions and expressing them appropriately

B) Having a healthy and stable mind, handling stress, and making good decisions

C) Engaging in activities that promote physical health

D) Feeling connected to deeper meanings and values

A

B) Having a healthy and stable mind, handling stress, and making good decisions

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8
Q

Which domain refers to how your surroundings, such as living conditions and access to nature, affect your mental well-being?

A) Spiritual
B) Cultural
C) Environmental
D) Social

A

C) Environmental

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9
Q

Spiritual mental health involves which of the following?

A) How political events impact your emotions

B) A sense of purpose, inner peace, and harmony with yourself

C) Your ability to connect with others meaningfully

D) Understanding and respecting different cultural views on mental health

A

B) A sense of purpose, inner peace, and harmony with yourself

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10
Q

Which domain of mental health considers how political events and policies can impact your emotions and mental state?

A) Psychological
B) Political
C) Cultural
D) Emotional

A

B) Political

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11
Q

Cultural mental health focuses on how which factors shape your mental health?

A) Physical surroundings and pollution
B) Your thoughts, perceptions, and behaviors
C) Beliefs, values, and social practices
D) Personal achievements and setbacks

A

C) Beliefs, values, and social practices

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12
Q

How does physical health relate to mental health?

A) They are completely independent of each other

B) Physical health only affects mental health in extreme cases

C) Good physical health can improve mental health, and vice versa

D) Mental health only affects physical health if you have a diagnosed condition

A

C) Good physical health can improve mental health, and vice versa

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13
Q

Which of the following is not a key aspect of maintaining good mental health?

A) Handling everyday challenges with resilience

B) Seeking professional help when needed

C) Ignoring stress and hoping it goes away

D) Nurturing supportive environments that promote understanding

A

C) Ignoring stress and hoping it goes away

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14
Q

Which domain of mental health involves recognising the importance of self-awareness and managing emotions effectively?

A) Physical
B) Mental
C) Cultural
D) Environmental

A

B) Mental

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15
Q

What does the mental health continuum represent?

A) A fixed state of mental health

B) The idea that mental health is static

C) The dynamic nature of mental health, where individuals move forwards and backwards throughout their lives

D) A scale measuring physical health

A

C) The dynamic nature of mental health, where individuals move forwards and backwards throughout their lives

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16
Q

Which of the following influences an individual’s position on the mental health continuum?

A) Life experiences and coping mechanisms
B) Only biological factors
C) Physical health alone
D) None of the above

A

A) Life experiences and coping mechanisms

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17
Q

How does mental health compare to physical health according to the continuum model?

A) Mental health is more predictable than physical health

B) Both mental and physical health are static and unchanging

C) Both mental and physical health are processes, not static states, and can fluctuate over time

D) Physical health affects mental health but not the other way around

A

C) Both mental and physical health are processes, not static states, and can fluctuate over time

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18
Q

What are some protective factors that help mitigate the impact of stressors on mental health?

A) Social connections, financial stability, and access to resources
B) Isolation and lack of support
C) Ignoring stress and not seeking help
D) All of the above

A

A) Social connections, financial stability, and access to resources

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19
Q

What is the significance of the arrows in the mental health continuum diagram?

A) They represent a one-way journey towards mental illness

B) They show the fixed stages of mental health

C) They symbolise the constant evolution and movement along the continuum

D) They indicate a lack of change in mental health over time

A

C) They symbolise the constant evolution and movement along the continuum

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20
Q

Which life stages are mentioned as significantly influencing an individual’s position on the mental health continuum?

A) Childhood and adolescence
B) Adolescence and older age
C) Middle age and retirement
D) Infancy and adulthood

A

B) Adolescence and older age

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21
Q

What role do personality traits play in mental health according to the continuum model?

A) They have no impact on mental health

B) They are risk factors for mental illness

C) They can influence where an individual stands on the mental health continuum

D) They only affect physical health

A

C) They can influence where an individual stands on the mental health continuum

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22
Q

How do psycho-social, cultural, and biological stressors affect mental health?

A) They have no impact on mental health
B) They can contribute to mental health challenges or illness
C) They only affect physical health
D) They always result in mental illness

A

B) They can contribute to mental health challenges or illness

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23
Q

What is the main idea behind the concept that health is a process, not a static state?

A) Health remains the same once achieved

B) Health constantly changes and is influenced by various factors over time

C) Health can only deteriorate

D) Health is predetermined and unchangeable

A

B) Health constantly changes and is influenced by various factors over time

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24
Q

Which of the following best describes the impact of support systems on mental health?

A) Support systems are irrelevant to mental health

B) Support systems can provide protective factors that help maintain or improve mental health

C) Support systems only benefit physical health

D) Support systems have a negative impact on mental health

A

B) Support systems can provide protective factors that help maintain or improve mental health

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25
Q

What are the 3 terms used to describe a mental health challenge?

A

1) Mental health challenge
2) Mental distress
3) Mental illness

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26
Q

What distinguishes a mental health condition from a mental illness?

A) A mental health condition is always diagnosable, while a mental illness is not

B) A mental health condition involves distress affecting well-being but may not meet the criteria for a formal diagnosis

C) A mental illness is temporary, while a mental health condition is permanent

D) Both are exactly the same

A

B) A mental health condition involves distress affecting well-being but may not meet the criteria for a formal diagnosis

27
Q

What is mental distress?

A) A diagnosable mental illness

B) A state of emotional or psychological discomfort triggered by stressors or life events

C) A permanent state of mental health

D) The absence of any emotional response

A

B) A state of emotional or psychological discomfort triggered by stressors or life events

28
Q

Why is it important to address mental distress?

A) Because it always leads to mental illness

B) Because prolonged or intense distress can harm well-being and daily functioning

C) Because it is a rare and unchangeable condition

D) Because it has no impact on a person’s life

A

B) Because prolonged or intense distress can harm well-being and daily functioning

29
Q

What does the term “mental illness” refer to?

A) Temporary states of sadness or anxiety

B) Symptoms and behaviours causing significant distress, impairment, or disruption, diagnosable by mental health professionals

C) Normal stress responses to everyday challenges

D) Any mild emotional discomfort

A

B) Symptoms and behaviours causing significant distress, impairment, or disruption, diagnosable by mental health professionals

30
Q

Which of the following is true about mental health conditions, mental distress, and mental illness?

A) They are all the same and require the same treatment

B) They each represent different levels of emotional and psychological challenges, requiring different types of support and intervention

C) Only mental illness requires attention or treatment

D) They do not affect psychosocial functioning

A

B) They each represent different levels of emotional and psychological challenges, requiring different types of support and intervention

31
Q

Which classification systems are used by mental health professionals to diagnose mental illnesses?

A) DSM and ICD
B) APA and WHO
C) FDA and CDC
D) NIH and AMA

A

A) DSM (The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Illnesses) and ICD (International Classification of Diseases)

32
Q

What is a key component of addressing mental health challenges, whether they involve mental health conditions, mental distress, or mental illness?

A) Ignoring the symptoms
B) Seeking support and building coping skills
C) Assuming they will resolve on their own
D) Avoiding any discussion about mental health

A

B) Seeking support and building coping skills

33
Q

According to the New South Wales Mental Health Act (2007), what is a mental illness?

A) A temporary feeling of sadness

B) A condition that seriously impairs mental functioning and is characterised by symptoms like delusions or hallucinations

C) A mild form of emotional distress

D) A common, everyday stress response

A

B) A condition that seriously impairs mental functioning and is characterised by symptoms like delusions or hallucinations

34
Q

Which of the following is not listed as a symptom of mental illness under the NSW Mental Health Act (2007)?

A) Delusions
B) Hallucinations
C) Persistent happiness
D) Serious disorder of thought form

A

C) Persistent happiness

35
Q

Which aspect of mental functioning is not specifically mentioned in the definition of a mental disorder under the NSW Mental Health Act (2007)?

A) Thought
B) Perception
C) Mood
D) Physical fitness

A

D) Physical fitness

36
Q

How does the NSW Mental Health Act (2007) define a mental disorder?

A) A temporary disturbance of thought due to stress

B) A medical condition characterised by a significant disturbance of thought, mood, perception, or memory, impairing judgment, behaviour, or ability to meet daily life demands

C) A state of confusion that passes quickly

D) A condition where only mood is affected

A

B) A medical condition characterised by a significant disturbance of thought, mood, perception, or memory, impairing judgment, behaviour, or ability to meet daily life demands

37
Q

What is the significance of the definitions of mental illness and mental disorder in the NSW Mental Health Act (2007)?

A) They are only used for research purposes

B) They form the basis for identifying and providing mental health care, including both voluntary and involuntary treatment

C) They are only relevant to temporary emotional states

D) They are outdated and no longer in use

A

B) They form the basis for identifying and providing mental health care, including both voluntary and involuntary treatment

38
Q

What does DSM stand for?

A

Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders.

39
Q

What is the DSM (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders)?

A

It is a diagnostic tool published by the American Psychiatric Association (APA). It is a reference guide for various psychological and psychiatric conditions, enabling medical professionals to diagnose mental illnesses for the purpose of treatment and record-keeping.

40
Q

What is one of the main criticisms of the DSM related to overdiagnosis?

A) It accurately diagnoses all mental disorders
B) Its diagnostic criteria can lead to overdiagnosis and labelling, which may medicalise normal human experiences
C) It underdiagnoses mental health conditions
D) It is culturally unbiased

A

B) Its diagnostic criteria can lead to overdiagnosis and labelling, which may medicalise normal human experiences

41
Q

What issue arises from the DSM’s tendency to categorise mental disorders as distinct entities?

A) It leads to more accurate diagnoses
B) It simplifies the diagnosis process, making it easier to treat patients
C) It can result in an oversimplification that hinders a comprehensive understanding of comorbid conditions
D) It eliminates the possibility of comorbidity

A

C) It can result in an oversimplification that hinders a comprehensive understanding of comorbid conditions

42
Q

Why is the DSM criticised for cultural bias?

A) It includes too many cultural syndromes
B) Its criteria and definitions reflect predominantly Western perspectives on mental health
C) It is too lenient in its diagnostic criteria
D) It is only used in non-Western countries

A

B) Its criteria and definitions reflect predominantly Western perspectives on mental health

43
Q

What concern do critics have regarding the influence of the pharmaceutical industry on the DSM?

A) The DSM is independent of any external influence
B) The pharmaceutical industry may influence revisions and additions to the DSM’s diagnostic criteria
C) The DSM excludes all pharmacological treatments
D) The DSM is updated too frequently because of pharmaceutical interests

A

B) The pharmaceutical industry may influence revisions and additions to the DSM’s diagnostic criteria

44
Q

What is a significant challenge associated with the DSM’s update process?

A) The DSM is updated too quickly, causing confusion
B) The update process is slow, leading to delays in incorporating the latest research and understanding of mental health
C) The DSM is updated annually
D) The updates are not based on scientific research

A

B) The update process is slow, leading to delays in incorporating the latest research and understanding of mental health

45
Q

How are the DSM and ICD-11 distinct from frameworks used for nursing diagnoses and intervention?

A) The DSM and ICD-11 are not related to mental health at all
B) They are frameworks for medical diagnoses and should not be confused with nursing diagnoses and care planning processes
C) They directly inform nursing care plans
D) They are exclusively used in nursing settings

A

B) They are frameworks for medical diagnoses and should not be confused with nursing diagnoses and care planning processes

46
Q

Why is it important for nurses in mental health settings to understand the role of the DSM?

A) Because the DSM is used directly to create nursing care plans

B) Because the DSM criteria are used by medical personnel to make diagnoses, but do not directly inform nursing diagnoses or care planning

C) Because nurses are responsible for updating the DSM

D) Because the DSM dictates all aspects of mental health care

A

B) Because the DSM criteria are used by medical personnel to make diagnoses, but do not directly inform nursing diagnoses or care planning

47
Q

What can perpetuate stereotypes, myths, and stigma in mental health?

A

Language and the words we use.

48
Q

Why is it essential to use respectful, stigma-free language when addressing all healthcare consumers, their families, and carers?

A

Langauge awareness - Certain words can lead to discrimination against individuals with mental health challenges and their families. Stigma can cause exclusion from communities, workplaces, healthcare, and education, negatively affecting self-perception and contributing to social and economic disadvantages. You also don’t want to reinforce stigma.

49
Q

What is the primary role of the National Mental Health Commission in relation to the mental health and well-being continuum in Australia?

A) To provide direct mental health services
B) To monitor and promote mental health, prevent mental illness, and reduce suicide rates by collaborating across various sectors
C) To replace existing mental health services
D) To develop pharmaceutical treatments for mental health conditions

A

B) To monitor and promote mental health, prevent mental illness, and reduce suicide rates by collaborating across various sectors

50
Q

Which of the following is NOT a focus area of the National Report Card 2023 published by the National Mental Health Commission?

A) The quality of mental health services provided by private entities

B) The status of key mental health and well-being outcomes for people with lived experience of mental health concerns

C) The broader social determinants impacting mental health in Australia

D) The performance of system activities affecting mental health outcomes

A

A) The quality of mental health services provided by private entities

51
Q

In the context of the National Report Card 2023, how does Domain 2 differ from the other domains?

A) It focuses on the effectiveness of psychiatric medications

B) It examines the broader social factors, or social determinants, that impact mental health and well-being, rather than directly measuring mental health outcomes or system activities

C) It is solely concerned with the financial costs of mental health interventions

D) It provides a historical overview of mental health policies in Australia

A

B) It examines the broader social factors, or social determinants, that impact mental health and well-being, rather than directly measuring mental health outcomes or system activities

52
Q

What distinguishes the National Mental Health Commission’s approach from traditional mental health services?

A) Its exclusive focus on clinical treatments and psychiatric medications

B) Its collaboration with a wide range of sectors, including housing and employment, and its emphasis on person-centered care, vulnerable groups, and evidence-based practices

C) Its focus on diagnosing mental health disorders

D) Its complete reliance on volunteer services

A

B) Its collaboration with a wide range of sectors, including housing and employment, and its emphasis on person-centered care, vulnerable groups, and evidence-based practices

53
Q

What is the most prevalent mental disorder?

A

Anxiety disorders.

54
Q

Affective disorders are another name for?

A

Mood disorders.

55
Q

What is a substance use disorder?

A

The harmful use or dependence on alcohol or drugs.

56
Q

True or false: Mental health care is only offered at in-patient facilities/hospitals.

A

False - They’re offered in private and public hospitals, primary care settings, community mental health centres and residential care services. It can really be offered anywhere.

57
Q

Medical doctors who have completed specialised training, can diagnose, treat and prevent mental, emotional and behavioural disorders are called?

A

Psychiatrist

58
Q

Someone who can diagnose illness, manage treatment and provide a range of therapies for complex and serious mental illness, and provide psychotherapy (talk therapy) to help patients is called?

A

Psychologist

59
Q

What is the difference between a psychiatrist and a psychologist?

A
  • Psychiatrists are medical doctors but psychologists are not (though they can have a doctorate qualification
  • Psychiatrists can prescribe medication but psychologists cannot.
  • Scope of practices are different.
60
Q

What is deinstitutionalisation?

A

The process of moving individuals with diagnosed mental health conditions out of large institutional settings, such as psychiatric hospitals, and transitioning them into community-based care.

61
Q

What is a lived experience worker?

A

Also known as peer workers or consumer workers, is someone who has personal experience with mental health challenges, or cares for someone with mental health challenges. They are now acknowledged as an essential part of the mental health care system.

62
Q

How do peer workers differ from individuals with lived experiences that hold a health qualification?

A

The main distinction lies in how these individuals apply their knowledge. When working as a health professional, one operates under regulated guidelines and is supported by institutional authority. In contrast, peer workers utilise their experiential knowledge in a different capacity, drawing upon their lived experiences to offer unique perspectives and support for others in the mental health care sector.

63
Q

What are some marginalised groups in Australia that may experience higher levels of psychological distress?

A
  • Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander
  • Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, Intersex (non-binary).

93213 Fundamentals of Mental Health Nursing (2 decks)

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