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ANA 209 > Module 1 > Flashcards

Module 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Anatomy

A

The study of the structural basis of body function

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2
Q

Physiology

A

The study of the functional relevance of a structure

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3
Q

Functional morphology

A

The study of anatomy (structure) of organs functional and the reasons behind it

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4
Q

Gross anatomy

A

The study of structure visible to the naked eye

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5
Q

Surface anatomy

A

The external structure of the body

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6
Q

Radiological anatomy

A

The study of internal structure using X-rays and other imaging techniques

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7
Q

Systemic anatomy

A

The study of one organ system at a time

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8
Q

Regional anatomy

A

The study of multiple organ systems at once in body given region

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9
Q

Histology

A

Microscopic anatomy

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10
Q

Histopathology

A

The microscopic analysis of diseased tissue

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11
Q

Cytology

A

The study of structure and function of individual cells

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12
Q

Ultra structure

A

The structure at the molecular level

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13
Q

Inspection

A

Looking at the body

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14
Q

Palpitation

A

Feeling a structure with the hands

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15
Q

Auscultation

A

Listening to sounds made by the body

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16
Q

Percussion

A

Tapping on the body to feel for abnormal resistance, listening to the emitted sounds

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17
Q

Dissection

A

Cutting, separating tissues

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18
Q

Exploratory surgery

A

Opening the body to see what is wrong and what can be done

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19
Q

Medical imaging

A

Viewing inside the body without surgery

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20
Q

Radiology

A

A branch of medicine concerned with imaging

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21
Q

Radiography

A

Photographing internal structures with X-rays

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22
Q

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

A

A high-resolution technique that uses a magnetic field instead of X-rays

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23
Q

Computed tomography (CT scan)

A

Imaging thin “slices” of the body using X-rays

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24
Q

Dynamic spatial reconstructor (dsr)

A

A modified CT scanner that produces 3D video images to show motive and volume changes

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25
Q

Position emission tomography (PET scan)

A

Allows for the visualization the metabolic state of a tissue using glucose

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26
Q

Sonography

A

Uses ultrasound waves visualize internal organsm

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27
Q

Lowest level of human structure

A

Atoms

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28
Q

Second-lowest level of human structure

A

Molecules

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29
Q

Third - lowest level of human structure

A

Organelles

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30
Q

Fourth-lowest level of human structure

A

Cells

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31
Q

Fifth-lowest level of human anatomy

A

Tissues

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32
Q

Sixth-lowest level of human anatomy

A

Organs

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33
Q

Seventh-lowest level of human anatomy (second-highest)

A

Organ system

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34
Q

Highest level of human anatomy

A

Organism

35
Q

Anatomical position

A

Person standing bright with arms at sides and palms facing forward

36
Q

Supine

A

Lying face up (on back)

37
Q

Prone

A

Lying face down (on belly)

38
Q

Saggital Plane

A

Divides the body or organ into right and left portions

39
Q

Midsaggital Plane

A

Passes through the midline of the body; divides the body into right and left halves

40
Q

Parasagittal Plane

A

Divide the body into unequal right and left portions

41
Q

Frontal (Coronal) Plane

A

Divides the body into anterior (front) and posterior (back) portions

42
Q

Transverse (axial, horizontal) plane

A

Passes through body or organ perpendicular to its long axis; divides the body into superior (upper) and inferior (lower) portions

43
Q

Anterior

A

Toward the front of the body

44
Q

Posterior

A

Toward the back of the body

45
Q

Ventral

A

Toward the anterior side

46
Q

Dorsal

A

Toward the posterior side

47
Q

Superior

A

Above

48
Q

Inferior

A

Below

49
Q

Cephalic

A

Toward the head or superior end

50
Q

Rostral

A

Toward the forehead or nose

51
Q

Caudal

A

Toward the tail or inferior end

52
Q

Medial

A

Toward the midline of the body

53
Q

Lateral

A

Away from the midline of body

54
Q

Proximal

A

Closer to the point of attachment or origin

55
Q

Distal

A

Farther from the point of attachment or origin

56
Q

Ipsilateral

A

On the same side of the body (right or left)

57
Q

Contralateral

A

On opposite sides of the body (right and left)

58
Q

Superficial

A

Closer to the body surface

59
Q

Deep

A

Farther farther form the body surface

60
Q

Axial

A

Consists of head, neck (cervical region), and trunk

61
Q

Thoracic Region

A

Above the diaphragm

62
Q

Abdominal region

A

Below the diaphragm

63
Q

Appendicular Region

A

Consists of upper and lower limbs

64
Q

Segment

A

Region of limb from one joint to the next

65
Q

Membrane

A

A thin sheet of tissue

66
Q

Viscera

A

Membranes the enfold or surround internal organs

67
Q

Cranial Cavity

A

Enclosed by cranial bones, contains the brain

68
Q

Vertebral Canal

A

Enclosed by vertebral column, contains spinal cord

69
Q

Mediastinum

A

Space between lungs, occupied by heart, major vessels, esophagus, trachea, bronchitis, thymus

70
Q

Pericardium

A
  • Outer fibrous pericardium
  • Inner serous pericardium
71
Q

Pericardial Cavity

A

Between the two layers of the serous pericardium
*Lubricated by the thin film of pericardial Fluid

72
Q

Pleura

A
  • Inner visceral pleura (surface of the lungs)
  • Outer parietal pleura (Lines inside of the rib cage)
  • between the layers of the pleural cavity, there is pleural fluid
73
Q

Abdominopelvic cavity

A

Consists of the abdominal cavity superiorly and the pelvic cavity inferiorly

74
Q

Abdominal Cavity

A
  • Contains most digestive organs, spleen, kidneys, ureters
  • Extends inferiorly to the brim of the pelvis
75
Q

Pelvic Cavity

A
  • Is continuous with the abdominal cavity, but below the rim, and is narrower
  • Contains the rectum, urinary bladder, urethra, reproductive organs
76
Q

Peritoneum

A
  • Parietal peritoneum lines the body walls
  • Visceral peritoneum enfolds and suspends the abdominal viscera
    *Space in the peritoneal cavity contains peritoneal fluid
77
Q

Retroperitoneal

A

Organs lie against the body wall with the peritoneum only on anterior side

78
Q

Intraperitoneal

A

Organs are encircled by visceral peritoneum; this layer is also called the serosa

79
Q

Mesentary

A

Visceral peritoneum forms a single, extensively folded membrane

80
Q

Posterior mesentary

A

Anchors digestive organs to the posterior body wall

  • includes the MESOCOLON anchoring large intestine
81
Q

Anterior mesentety

A

Includes the greater and lesser omentum

82
Q

Potential Spaces

A

between body membranes that are pressed together; not actual space, but can be filled with fluid or other matter

83
Q

Eponyms

A

Terms that are names after people

ANA 209 (1 decks)

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