Module 1

Question 1

Chemical

Answer 1

The building blocks of the human body (e.x Atoms )

Question 2

Cellular

Answer 2

CellularBasic structural and functional units of the body (e.x Cardiac muscles cells)

Question 3

Tissue

Answer 3

Tissues are groups of cells that work together to perform a particular function. 4 major classes: Epithelial,Connective, Muscle, Nerve ( e.x Cardiac muscles )

Question 4

Organ

Answer 4

Organs are structures with specific functions composed of two or more types of tissue (e.x Heart)

Question 5

System

Answer 5

A system consists of related organs with a common function. (e.x Cardiovascular)

Question 6

Human body

Answer 6

All the parts of the body function together to constitute a living organism. ( e.x person)

Question 7

Integumentary (Skin)

Answer 7

3 layers of skin ( Epidermis, Dermis, Hyper dermis )
The epidermis protects the deeper tissues, the dermis provides nutrients Muscular system

Question 8

Muscular

Answer 8

controls entrances and exits to our body through mouth, anus those types of areas etc.

Produce heat: shivering, Support: skeleton, Protect: soft tissues
Tendon - a muscle joining to a bone
Provides support and positioning of the axial skeleton

Question 9

Skeletal

Answer 9

Bones, cartilage and joints
Protects brain and spinal cord, sense organs, and soft tissues of thorax
Supports body weight over lower limbs
Red Haematopoietic - makes red blood cells in flat bones
Yellow - Store of the fat cells

Question 10

Central Nervous System

Answer 10

Brain: Controls voluntary and involuntary activities
Spinal cord: Performs less complex integrative activities (reflex arc)

Question 11

Peripheral Nervous system(PNS)

Answer 11

Links the CNS with other systems and sense organs

Question 12

Epithelial

Answer 12

Covers body surfaces, lines hollow organs, tubes, cavities and ducts; forms glands

Protection; filtration; secretion; absorption; excretion

Question 13

Connective

Answer 13

Cells in a matrix of fibres and ground substance (includes bone and blood)
Protects and supports; binds organs together; stores energy; transport (blood)

Question 14

Muscle

Answer 14

Contractile cells (muscle fibres)
Movement

Question 15

Nervous

Answer 15

Conducting nerve cells and supportive neuroglia
Detects changes and generates nerve impulses

Question 16

Features of epithelial tissue

Answer 16

Selective barriers (limit or aid transfer)
Kidney, the lining parts filter the urine and that barrier is formed by epithelium
Secretory (onto a free surface)
Protective (especially from abrasion)

Question 17

Tight junctions

Answer 17

They form a seal and they join them to other proteins (claudins & occludins). There’s a lot in areas where there a strong link with liquid things such as the stomach, intestines or bladder

Question 18

Adherens junctions

Answer 18

The belt junction doesn’t bring the two layers of the membrane as close together as a tight junction; instead it leaves a gap where proteins span that gap.

Has plaque

Question 19

Desmosomes (button)

Answer 19

It’s the binding and joining of keratin from different cells of keratin molecules.
In a criss crossing pattern

Question 20

Gap junctions (coordination)

Answer 20

The six connexins lock together and open up the hemichannel, and small molecules go through it to form proteins. The channels will determine the control of what goes between the different cells.

Question 21

Hemidesmosomes

Answer 21

The cells are close to the basement membrane and able to lock themselves down onto that. The protein integrin spans the gap between the plague and the basement membrane.

Question 22

Cytoskeleton

Answer 22

provides structure to the cell

Question 23

Microfilaments (brown)

Answer 23

Actin (protein monomer)
Sit below the surface membrane

Question 24

Intermediate filaments (purple)

Answer 24

Keratin
Provides structural strength

Question 25

The basal lamina (upper part)

Answer 25

made from products secreted by the epithelium (making proteins for that part)

Question 26

Reticular lamina (bottom part)

Answer 26

made from components supplied by the tissue in connective tissue particularly the fibroblast