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NRSE-3090 Mental Health > Module 1 > Flashcards

Module 1 Flashcards

1
Q

To be a mental disorder, we must have significant disturbances in?

A

cognition, emotion regulation, behavior

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2
Q

What is the largest part of the human brain

A

cerebellum

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3
Q

The cerebellum is divided into the right and left hemisphere by the?

A

corpus callosum

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4
Q

Each hemisphere of the brain has how many lobes?

A

4

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5
Q

striatum, pallidum, substantia nigra, and subthalamic nucleus make up the

A

basal ganglia

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6
Q

What does the frontal lobe control

A

voluntary body movement

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7
Q

Damage to the frontal lobe may result in

A

changes in mood and character

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8
Q

For those with chronic schizophrenia, they would see decreased activity in the?

A

frontal lobes

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9
Q

What do the parietal lobes manage?

A

somatosensory input

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10
Q

What somatosensory inputs do the parietal lobes manage>

A

touch, pain, pressure, taste, perception of joint and body position, and visceral sensations

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11
Q

Language interpretation is associated with what hemisphere of the parietal lobes?

A

left

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12
Q

The temporal lobes are responsible for

A

auditory functions, language interpretation, short term memory, role in expressing emotions

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13
Q

The occipital lobes are the primary area of

A

visual reception and interpretation

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14
Q

the thalamus integrates all _____ input except ____?

A

sensory ; smell

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15
Q

What portion of the brain can temporarily block minor sensations so you can concentrate on one event?

A

thalamus

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16
Q

The pituitary gland is regulated by the?

A

hypothalamus

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17
Q

The hypothalamus regulates what four things?

A

appetite, temperature, thirst, and blood pressure (and pituitary gland)

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18
Q

Circadian rhythms are made by the?

A

hypothalamus

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19
Q

the limbic system is also known as the?

A

emotional brain

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20
Q

What three important structures compose the limbic system?

A

hypothalamus, thalamus, amygdala

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21
Q

Those that have PTSD/panic disorders will have an issue with which structure in the limbic system

A

amygdala

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22
Q

The hypothalamus is responsible for regulating the autonomic nervous system via?

A

hormone production and release

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23
Q

As a full system, the limbic structures control what three things>

A

autonomic, endocrine, and somatic functions

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24
Q

The mesencephalon, or midbrain, is responsible for

A

integration of various reflexes

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25
Q

The mesencephalon telling us to turn away from dangerous objects in view is an example of

A

visual reflex

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26
Q

The mesencephalon telling us to turn head towards a sound is an example of

A

auditory reflex

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27
Q

the mesencephalon keeping our head upright and maintaining balance is an example of

A

righting reflex

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28
Q

What section of the brainstem is associated with sleep and dreaming

A

pons

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29
Q

The respiratory/ breathing control center is made up of which two structures

A

pons and medulla

30
Q

The pons contains connections of cranial nerves ___ to ___

A

V ; VIIII

31
Q

The center for skeletal muscle tone resides in the?

A

pons

32
Q

Which structure in the brainstem can be used to determine if someone is braindead>

A

medulla

33
Q

The medulla regulates what three function?

A

heart rate, blood pressure, respirations

34
Q

The medulla contains reflex systems for?

A

sneezing, coughing, vomiting, swallowing

35
Q

The medulla contains nuclei for cranial nerves ____ to ____

A

IX ; XII

36
Q

The cerebellum is associated with involuntary aspects of movements such as?

A

coordination and muscle tone

37
Q

Which structure helps maintain posture and equilibrium

A

cerebellum

38
Q

What do neuron cells do?

A

generate and transmit electrochemical impulses

39
Q

When we give psychotropic drugs, the medicine is to effect the (aka the primary site of activity for psychotropic drugs)

A

neurotransmitters

40
Q

Neurotransmitters are stores as _____ in ___ terminals

A

chemicals ; axon

41
Q

How do neurotransmitters work?

A

diffuse across the synaptic cleft and combine with receptor sites on next neuron. Here they can excite or inhibit a response

42
Q

Neurotransmitters can influence a variety of>

A

cognitive and emotional symptoms

43
Q

What does acetylcholine regulate?

A

memory

44
Q

When a patient has Alzheimers, their medications are meant to?

A

inhibit/ destroy acetylcholine

45
Q

What is the name of the enzyme that destroys acetylcholine

A

acetylcholinesterase

46
Q

Functions of acetylcholine include>

A

memory retention and acquisition, sleep, arousal, pain perception, coordination of movement

47
Q

Implications for acetylcholine include what diseases

A

Parkinson’s, Huntington’s, and Alzheimer’s

48
Q

What does norepinephrine regulate>

A

mood, cognition, perception, locomotion, cardiovascular functions, sleep and arousal

49
Q

Norepinephrine activates what response in the autonomic nervous system

A

fight or flight

50
Q

Norepinephrine is implicated in>

A

depression, mania, anxiety, and schizophrenia

51
Q

Dopamine regulates?

A

movement and coordination, emotions, voluntary decision-making

52
Q

Dopamine inhibits the release of

A

prolactin (used for milk production)

53
Q

Decreased levels of ____ is associated in Parkinson’s disease and depression

A

dopamine

54
Q

Increased levels of dopamine are associated with ____ and _____

A

mania and schizophrenia

55
Q

What neurotransmitter is thought to have a role in addiction

A

dopamine

56
Q

Dopamine is inactivated by ____ and _____

A

MAO and COMT

57
Q

What neurotransmitter plays a role in sleep, arousal, libido, appetite, mood, aggression, and pain perception

A

serotonin

58
Q

Serotonin modulates

A

intense emotional states

59
Q

Serotonin can be stored in ____ _____ vesicles or catabolized by ______

A

axon terminal ; MAO

60
Q

Serotonin can be implicated in what three conditions

A

anxiety states, depression, and schizophrenia

61
Q

Histamine helps release this neurotransmitter that is an inhibitor

A

GABA (gamma amino butyric acid)

62
Q

This neurotransmitter regulates neuroendocrine function, psychomotor activity and eating behavior

A

histamine

63
Q

What neurotransmitter is associated with epilepsy, narcolepsy, stroke, anxiety, etc

A

histamine

64
Q

What does GABA do>

A

prevent postsynaptic excitation, interrupting electrical impulses as they travel through neurons

65
Q

GABA can be used to stop/ inhibit this disorder?

A

seizure/ epilepsy

66
Q

This neurotransmitter inhibits motor neurons and regulates brainstem and spinal reflexes

A

glycine

67
Q

Glutamate and aspartate are neurotransmitters that

A

relay sensory information and regulate various motor and spinal reflexes

68
Q

In addition to regulating motor and spinal reflexes, glutamate can be used in ?

A

memory and learning

69
Q

Huntington’s disease, autism, schizophrenia, and depression have been linked to?

A

problems making or using glutamate

70
Q
A

NRSE-3090 Mental Health (3 decks)

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