Module 1

Question 1

To be a mental disorder, we must have significant disturbances in?

Answer 1

cognition, emotion regulation, behavior

Question 2

What is the largest part of the human brain

Answer 2

cerebellum

Question 3

The cerebellum is divided into the right and left hemisphere by the?

Answer 3

corpus callosum

Question 4

Each hemisphere of the brain has how many lobes?

Answer 4

4

Question 5

striatum, pallidum, substantia nigra, and subthalamic nucleus make up the

Answer 5

basal ganglia

Question 6

What does the frontal lobe control

Answer 6

voluntary body movement

Question 7

Damage to the frontal lobe may result in

Answer 7

changes in mood and character

Question 8

For those with chronic schizophrenia, they would see decreased activity in the?

Answer 8

frontal lobes

Question 9

What do the parietal lobes manage?

Answer 9

somatosensory input

Question 10

What somatosensory inputs do the parietal lobes manage>

Answer 10

touch, pain, pressure, taste, perception of joint and body position, and visceral sensations

Question 11

Language interpretation is associated with what hemisphere of the parietal lobes?

Answer 11

left

Question 12

The temporal lobes are responsible for

Answer 12

auditory functions, language interpretation, short term memory, role in expressing emotions

Question 13

The occipital lobes are the primary area of

Answer 13

visual reception and interpretation

Question 14

the thalamus integrates all _____ input except ____?

Answer 14

sensory ; smell

Question 15

What portion of the brain can temporarily block minor sensations so you can concentrate on one event?

Answer 15

thalamus

Question 16

The pituitary gland is regulated by the?

Answer 16

hypothalamus

Question 17

The hypothalamus regulates what four things?

Answer 17

appetite, temperature, thirst, and blood pressure (and pituitary gland)

Question 18

Circadian rhythms are made by the?

Answer 18

hypothalamus

Question 19

the limbic system is also known as the?

Answer 19

emotional brain

Question 20

What three important structures compose the limbic system?

Answer 20

hypothalamus, thalamus, amygdala

Question 21

Those that have PTSD/panic disorders will have an issue with which structure in the limbic system

Answer 21

amygdala

Question 22

The hypothalamus is responsible for regulating the autonomic nervous system via?

Answer 22

hormone production and release

Question 23

As a full system, the limbic structures control what three things>

Answer 23

autonomic, endocrine, and somatic functions

Question 24

The mesencephalon, or midbrain, is responsible for

Answer 24

integration of various reflexes

Question 25

The mesencephalon telling us to turn away from dangerous objects in view is an example of

Answer 25

visual reflex

Question 26

The mesencephalon telling us to turn head towards a sound is an example of

Answer 26

auditory reflex

Question 27

the mesencephalon keeping our head upright and maintaining balance is an example of

Answer 27

righting reflex

Question 28

What section of the brainstem is associated with sleep and dreaming

Answer 28

pons

Question 29

The respiratory/ breathing control center is made up of which two structures

Answer 29

pons and medulla

Question 30

The pons contains connections of cranial nerves ___ to ___

Answer 30

V ; VIIII

Question 31

The center for skeletal muscle tone resides in the?

Answer 31

pons

Question 32

Which structure in the brainstem can be used to determine if someone is braindead>

Answer 32

medulla

Question 33

The medulla regulates what three function?

Answer 33

heart rate, blood pressure, respirations

Question 34

The medulla contains reflex systems for?

Answer 34

sneezing, coughing, vomiting, swallowing

Question 35

The medulla contains nuclei for cranial nerves ____ to ____

Answer 35

IX ; XII

Question 36

The cerebellum is associated with involuntary aspects of movements such as?

Answer 36

coordination and muscle tone

Question 37

Which structure helps maintain posture and equilibrium

Answer 37

cerebellum

Question 38

What do neuron cells do?

Answer 38

generate and transmit electrochemical impulses

Question 39

When we give psychotropic drugs, the medicine is to effect the (aka the primary site of activity for psychotropic drugs)

Answer 39

neurotransmitters

Question 40

Neurotransmitters are stores as _____ in ___ terminals

Answer 40

chemicals ; axon

Question 41

How do neurotransmitters work?

Answer 41

diffuse across the synaptic cleft and combine with receptor sites on next neuron. Here they can excite or inhibit a response

Question 42

Neurotransmitters can influence a variety of>

Answer 42

cognitive and emotional symptoms

Question 43

What does acetylcholine regulate?

Answer 43

memory

Question 44

When a patient has Alzheimers, their medications are meant to?

Answer 44

inhibit/ destroy acetylcholine

Question 45

What is the name of the enzyme that destroys acetylcholine

Answer 45

acetylcholinesterase

Question 46

Functions of acetylcholine include>

Answer 46

memory retention and acquisition, sleep, arousal, pain perception, coordination of movement

Question 47

Implications for acetylcholine include what diseases

Answer 47

Parkinson's, Huntington's, and Alzheimer's

Question 48

What does norepinephrine regulate>

Answer 48

mood, cognition, perception, locomotion, cardiovascular functions, sleep and arousal

Question 49

Norepinephrine activates what response in the autonomic nervous system

Answer 49

fight or flight

Question 50

Norepinephrine is implicated in>

Answer 50

depression, mania, anxiety, and schizophrenia

Question 51

Dopamine regulates?

Answer 51

movement and coordination, emotions, voluntary decision-making

Question 52

Dopamine inhibits the release of

Answer 52

prolactin (used for milk production)

Question 53

Decreased levels of ____ is associated in Parkinson's disease and depression

Answer 53

dopamine

Question 54

Increased levels of dopamine are associated with ____ and _____

Answer 54

mania and schizophrenia

Question 55

What neurotransmitter is thought to have a role in addiction

Answer 55

dopamine

Question 56

Dopamine is inactivated by ____ and _____

Answer 56

MAO and COMT

Question 57

What neurotransmitter plays a role in sleep, arousal, libido, appetite, mood, aggression, and pain perception

Answer 57

serotonin

Question 58

Serotonin modulates

Answer 58

intense emotional states

Question 59

Serotonin can be stored in ____ _____ vesicles or catabolized by ______

Answer 59

axon terminal ; MAO

Question 60

Serotonin can be implicated in what three conditions

Answer 60

anxiety states, depression, and schizophrenia

Question 61

Histamine helps release this neurotransmitter that is an inhibitor

Answer 61

GABA (gamma amino butyric acid)

Question 62

This neurotransmitter regulates neuroendocrine function, psychomotor activity and eating behavior

Answer 62

histamine

Question 63

What neurotransmitter is associated with epilepsy, narcolepsy, stroke, anxiety, etc

Answer 63

histamine

Question 64

What does GABA do>

Answer 64

prevent postsynaptic excitation, interrupting electrical impulses as they travel through neurons

Question 65

GABA can be used to stop/ inhibit this disorder?

Answer 65

seizure/ epilepsy

Question 66

This neurotransmitter inhibits motor neurons and regulates brainstem and spinal reflexes

Answer 66

glycine

Question 67

Glutamate and aspartate are neurotransmitters that

Answer 67

relay sensory information and regulate various motor and spinal reflexes

Question 68

In addition to regulating motor and spinal reflexes, glutamate can be used in ?

Answer 68

memory and learning

Question 69

Huntington's disease, autism, schizophrenia, and depression have been linked to?

Answer 69

problems making or using glutamate