Module 1

Question 1

is a science that deals with the study of the
morality of human conduct concerning health and health care.

Answer 1

Health Care Ethics

Question 2

pertains to medical services, nursing care, and all other types of health care
services given by health care practitioners such as doctors, nurses,
midwives, and all the rest who, in a way or another, engage in any duly
recognized form of health care practice.

Answer 2

Health Care

Question 3

was first used by the biologist Van Rensselaer
Potter.

Answer 3

bioethics

Question 4

a new field devoted to human survival
and an improved quality of life

Answer 4

Bioethics

Question 5

• the basic rightness or wrongness of an art depends on its intrinsic nature
  rather than on the situation on the consequences.
• an act in itself would be either right or wrong, it could not be both.
• morality is derived from rationality
• we must always treat others as ends and not as means only.

Answer 5

Deontology (duty-oriented Theories)

Question 6

he based his moral philosophy on the crucial fact that we are rational
beings, and central feature of this rationality was the principles derived
from reason are universal.

Answer 6

Immanuel Kant (1724-1804)

Question 7

• proposes that if a reasoning individual were placed in a social situation
  requiring a value choice without knowing what role he was playing in the
  situation (Rawls calls this the original)
• the individual world chose the alternative that best supported or favoured
  the most disadvantaged person.

Answer 7

John Rawls

Question 8

for an action to be morally defensible the one doing the act that
impacts another would be willing to be the recipient of an identical
action by someone else under identical circumstances.

Answer 8

“Golden Rule”

Question 9

Traits of a virtuous character
1. Virtuous act must be chosen for their own sakes.
2. Choice must proceed from a firm and unchangeable character.
3. Virtue is a disposition to choose the mean

Question 10

power of deliberation about things good
for oneself

Answer 10

Practical Wisdom

Question 11

are the arena in which virtues are exhibited,

Answer 11

Practice

Question 12

• considers the amount of good in the end, consequences.
• utilitarianism.

Answer 12

Teleontology (Consequence-Oriented Theories)

Question 13

focuses on the protection of
individual and universal rights; behaviour rather than
consequences.

Answer 13

Deontological (“deon” = “duty”)

Question 14

“universalism”

Answer 14

Kant

Question 15

Virtue Ethics

Answer 15

Aristotle

Question 16

Also hybrid of both we will look at Rawls

Answer 16

Distributive Justice

Question 17

Teleological looks to
-Ends
-Utility
-Consequences

Question 18

Deleontological looks to
-Duties
-Rights
-Means

Question 19

• it is an ethical theory that determines right from wrong by focusing
  on outcomes
• it is a form of consequentialism.
• holds that the most ethical choice is the one that will produce the
  greatest good for the greatest number.

Answer 19

Utilitarianism

Question 20

The essential characteristics of the learned profession are
self-regulation, a specialized body of knowledge , standards
of education and practice, a fiduciary relationship with
those served, and the provision of a particular service to
society.

Answer 20

PROFESSIONAL CODE OF ETHICS

Question 21

__ of our roles in health care
are usually based on the traditions of good practice and good
manners.

Answer 21

professional etiquette requirements

Question 22

involves issues such as the need to avoid
talking badly about another practitioner( especially in front of
patients) maintenance of appropriate relationships at the worksite, or
the need to stay within the role boundaries of our specialty.

Answer 22

Professional Etiquette