MODULE 1 Flashcards
a device that you can describe to be a combination of
electromechanical and electronic components. It does three things: accepts
structured input processes according to prescribed rules and produces the
result as output,
Computer
Instructions and data are stored in the computer in
machine-readable form to enable the processing of data electronically, a
process more commonly known as
electronic data processing (EDP)
(EDP)
electronic data processing
The purpose of a computer system is to convert data into information. A
computer system is a combination of six elements. These are:
- Hardware
- Software
- Data/Information
- Procedures
- People
- Communications
are said to be the largest and most powerful among computers. A
supercomputer is a term to mean the biggest of these mainframes. Usually,
these are found only in large corporate institutions, organizations dealing in
research, some government agencies, and even tertiary institutions.
Mainframes
also referred to as thin clients, are called dumb terminals
sometimes. The mainframe does all the processing while users input
commands or data and remotely access the mainframe. You can download the
requested information from the mainframe, thus the term dumb terminals, since
there is little computing capacity done on their own.
Network computer
Network computer
also called
dumb terminals
users refer to it as desktop computers. It is composed of
different peripherals such as mouse, keyboard, CPU, display unit, and installed
with software application packages.
Personal computers
Personal computers
also called
Desktop Computers
belongs to the category of personal computers comprised of an
integrated circuit and is commonly called a notebook computer. It has a
touchpad for pointing and clicking instead of a mouse. The screen is on the lid.
A separate speaker is also not needed for audio.
Laptop
Laptop also called
notebook computer
is a mobile gadget, typically with a mobile operating system, a
rechargeable battery in a single thin package, and a touchscreen display
processing circuitry.
Tablets and Smartphones
the four essential functions of a computer
system are
input, process, output, and storage.
Capabilities of Computers
Computers can perform arithmetic and logical operations.
Computers can store or remember a vast amount and variety of
information and retrieve or recall the information needed almost
instantly.
Computers can handle large volumes of repetitive tasks accurately over
long periods
Computers can communicate with their operators and other machines
in the form of printed output or messages
Computers are capable of remote processing.
Limitations of Computers
Computers are still subject to human direction and control. They can
only function when users provide input data and the necessary
instructions to process the information.
Computers can detect but generally cannot correct an inaccurate entry
on their own.
Computers are subject to occasional breakdown or computer
malfunctions
John Napier invents
Napier’s bones
Who invented Napier’s bones
John Napier
a manual computing invention for calculating number quotas. (from 1-9 specifically)
Napier’s bones
made the first mechanical computer, using a mechanism called ‘toothed wheels’. His computer was called the Computer clock because the mechanism used was the same that was used in watches back in the old days.
Wilhelm Shickard
first mechanical computer, using a mechanism called ‘toothed wheels’.
Computer clock
invented the barometer— a computational machine he made for his father to help him calculate taxes.
Blaise Pascal
Blaise Pascal what he invented?
barometer
Pascal’s calculator (Pascaline)
device could perform basic arithmetic operations like addition and subtraction using wheels numbered from zero to nine.
barometer
perfected the binary system
Gottfried Leibniz
