Module 1 Flashcards
is a collection of inter related data and a set of programs that allow users to access and modify these data.
DATABASE SYSTEM
Data redundancy and inconsistency
Difficulty in accessing data
Data Isolation
Integrity Problems
Atomicity Problems
Concurrent-Access Anomalies
Security Problems
DRAWBACKS OF A FILE SYSTEM
is a representation of facts or
concepts (raw facts), in a formalized
manner suitable for communication,
interpretation, or processing by human
or by automatic means. It refers to facts
and figures.
DATA
refers to the knowledge derived
as a result of processing the data.
INFORMATION
in information management refers to the organized and strategic
handling of information and data within an organization. It involves the planning,
controlling, organizing, and directing of information resources to achieve specific
goals and objectives.
MANAGEMENT
Is a discipline that focuses on the
proper generation, storage and
retrieval of data.
DATA MANAGEMENT
is the process by which relevant
information is provided to decision-makers in a timely manner
INFORMATION MANAGEMENT
is a shared, integrated computer structure that stores the
collection of the following:
DATABASE
In the past, were composed of a collection of file folders with proper tags, kept in a filing cabinet, and organized based on their logical
relationships.
FILES SYSTEM
Data
Hardware
Software
Operating Systems
Application Programs and Utilities
Software
DBMS
Procedures
People
Administrator
Designer
End user
Casual
Naïve
Sophisticated
Stand alone users
COMPONENTS OF A DATABASE SYSTEM
is a collection of
programs that manages the database structure and controls access to
the data stored in the database.
DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (DBMS)
Improved data
sharing
Improved data
security
Better data
integration
Minimized data
inconsistency
Improved data
access.
Improved
decision- making
Increased
end-user
productivity
ADVANTAGES OF DBMS
Complexity
Skilled resources
Performance tuning
Database failure
Cost
Additional hardware cost
Frequent upgrades
DISADVANTAGES OF DBMS
a collection of concepts that can be used to describe the structure of a database-provides the necessary means to achieve
this abstraction.
DATA MODEL
provide concepts that are close to the way many users perceive
data.
HIGH-LEVEL OR CONCEPTUAL DATA MODEL
provide concepts that describe the details of how data is stored in the computer.
LOW-LEVEL OR PHYSICAL DATA MODELS
refers to the organization of data as a blueprint of how the database is constructed(divided into database tables in the case of relational databases)
SCHEMA
The data in the database at a particular moment in time is called a
DATABASE STATE OR SNAPSHOT
It is also called the current set of
occurrences or
INSTANCES
3 Levels of Schema
Internal
Conceptual
External Level
Internal Level is…
HOW DATA IS STORED IN HARD DISK
Conceptual Level is…
STRUCTURE OF DATABASE
External Level is…
DIFFERENT VIEW OF DIFFERENT USERS
is the capacity to change the conceptual schema without having to change external schemas or application programs.
LOGICAL DATA INDEPENDENCE
