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Physical Diagnosis > Module 1 > Flashcards

Module 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Nociceptive (somatic) pain

A

linked to damage of skin, musculoskeletal, or viscera

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2
Q

Neuropathic pain

A

pain related to somatosensory system (nerve related). often no physical appearance

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3
Q

Psychosogenic pain

A

psychiatric/coping/personality/cultural

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4
Q

Idiopathic pain

A

no etiology/course

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5
Q

Attempting to treat pain/4 As

A
  • analgesia
  • ADLs
  • adverse drug rxns
  • aberant drug related behaviors
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6
Q

10-15mmHg blood pressure difference between arms could mean

A
  • aortic dissection
  • supravalvular aortic stenosis
  • subclavian steal syndrome
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7
Q

too small of blood pressure cuff

A

elevated reading

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8
Q

too large of a blood pressure cuff

A

low reading

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9
Q

too loose of blood pressure cuff

A

elevated reading

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10
Q

ausculatory gap

A

silent interval between systolic and diastolic-can lead to underestimation of systolic and overestimation diastolic

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11
Q

ausculatory gap is associated with

A

arterial stiffness and arthlerosclerotic disease

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12
Q

normal blood pressure

A

less than 120/80

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13
Q

elevated blood pressure

A

systolic 120-129

diastolic <80

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14
Q

stage 1 HTN blood pressure

A

systolic 130-139 OR

diastolic 80-89

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15
Q

stage 2 HTN blood pressure values

A

systolic 140+ or diastolic 90+

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16
Q

white coat HTN

A

blood pressure >140/90 in office environment

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17
Q

masked HTN

A

in daytime setting, BP >130/80 in daytime but in ambulatory setting >135/85
seen in 10-30 percent of patients

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18
Q

Where pulses can be palpated

A

radial, bracial, femoral, popliteal, dorsalis petus, post tib

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19
Q

normal HR

A

60-90bpm

20
Q

pulse deficit

A

there is a significant difference between apical and peripheral pulse

21
Q

when does pulse deficit occur

A

Afib, heart failure, weak heart contraction, apical higher than peripheral

22
Q

diminished pulse

A

can be seen with arthlerosclerotic peripheral vascular disease, low cardiac output

23
Q

assymmetry of pulses

A

can indicated coarctation of aorta or aortic dissection

different in upper and lower extremeties

24
Q

bounding pulse/water hammer

A

seen w/ aortic regurgitation or patent ductus arteriosus

25
Q

pulsus alternans

A

amplitude of pulse alternates every other beat

Pericardial effusions

26
Q

bradypnea

A

slow breathing, causes: physiologic, diabetic coma, drug induced respiratory depression, increased intracranial pressure

27
Q

tachypnea

A

rapid, shallow breathing

causes: restrictive lung disease, pleuritic chest pain, elevated diaphram

28
Q

obstructive breathing

A

expiration is prolonged due to narrowing of airways that increase resistance to airflow
causes: asthma, COPD, chronic bronchitis, foreign masses and bodies

29
Q

hyperpnea/hyperventilation

A

rapid, deep breathing
causes: exercise, anxiety, metabolic acidosis, kidney failure, DKA
comatose-consider infarction, hypoxia, hyperglycemia

30
Q

chyne stokes breathing

A

period of deep breathing alternating with periods of apnea
causes: normal in children, elderly when sleeping
pathologic if normal adult having these symptoms
causes: heart failure, uremia, drug induced respiratory depression, brain damage

31
Q

Kussmauls respirations

A

labored, deep breathing, also rapid

seen with metabolic acidosis

32
Q

ataxic

A

unpredictable breathing irregularity
shallow or deep with periods of apnea
causes:respiratory depression, brain damage

33
Q

Normal temperature

A

37 Celcius

98.6 Farenheit

34
Q

C to F formula

A

F=(C*1.8)+32

35
Q

F to C formula

A

(F-32)/1.8

36
Q

hyperprexia

A

temperature above 106 F or 41.1 C

37
Q

hypothermia

A

temperature less than 95 or 35 C
can be due to decreased movement
interference with vasoconstriction
hypothyroidism or hypoglycemia

38
Q

BMI chart

A 
<18.5 underweight
18.5-24.9 normal
25-29.9 overweight
30-34.9 obese 1
35-39.9 obese 2
40+ obese 3
39
Q

Level of consciousness consists of

A
  • awake
  • alert
  • responsive
  • oriented
40
Q

alertness amount (5 levels of alertness)

A
  • alert:totally looking and responding
  • lethargic:appears drowsy, will respond and then fall back asleep
  • obtunded:open eyes slow and confused, not alert, respond to stimuli (not painful)
  • stuporous:arouses from sleep with painful stimuli, very little awareness
  • comatose:no response even to pai
41
Q

Scale of conciousness

A

Glassgow Coma scale

42
Q

way of using the glassgow coma scale

A 
eye opening 1-4
verbal response 1-5
motor response 1-6
scored between 3-15
15-normal
13-higher correlation of mild brain injury
9-12-moderate
8-severe
43
Q

disadvantages of glassgow coma scale

A

-one area could possibly not be assessed due to trauma, intubation etc

44
Q

other way to document LOC

A
  • A+O

- A+O X3

45
Q

A+O X4 means

A 
awake and oriented to 
person
place
time
situation 
(that order)
46
Q

what can affect A+O

A

mood, memory, trust

47
Q

orientation is lost in this order

A

situation then time then place then person

Physical Diagnosis (1 decks)

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