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SDG > MODULE 1 > Flashcards

MODULE 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What are some problems when choosing indicators?

A

Not showing both the negative and positive

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2
Q

First definition of sustainable development

A

1987

“The sustainable development is the development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs”

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3
Q

When was the first UN Conference on the Human Environment?

A

1972 in Stockholm

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4
Q

When was the second Un conference held?

A

1987 (Our common future)

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5
Q

What happened 1992?

A

The third UN Conference

the concept of sustainability was extended beyond just environmental issues

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6
Q

What happened 1995?

A

First conference of Parties COP1 (held in Berlin)

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7
Q

2002?

A

UN Conference Sustainable Development in Johannesburg

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8
Q

What was established in 2012?

A

Outlined some of the actions needed for a global sustainable development

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9
Q

What is the critique of what was established at the UN Conference in 2012?

A

The outlined actions are weak tools without concrete solutions

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10
Q

What was established in 2015?

A

UN 2030 Development Agenda (17 goals)

These goals were adopted by the UN member states

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11
Q

What are the areas of critical importance for humanity and the planet?

A
  • People
  • Planet
  • Prosperity
  • Peace
  • Partnership
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12
Q

What does the donut model illustrate?

A
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13
Q

What are the SDG:s?

A
  • A framework for sustainable development
  • Each goal consists of a list of indicators and sub-indicators
  • They are measured on a global scale
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14
Q

What are ESG targets?

A

Environmental, Social and Governance factors

*

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15
Q

What is the critique of ESG?

A

There is no consistent methodology when measuring traceability

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16
Q

What are SDG entry points?

A
  • Human wellbeing and capabilities
  • Sustainable and just economies
  • Food systems and nutrition patterns
  • Energy decarbonization with universal access
  • Global environmental commons
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17
Q

What are the Six Fundamental Transformations?

A
  1. Human Capacity & Demography
  2. Consumption & Production
  3. Decarbonization & Energy
  4. Food, Biosphere & Water
  5. Smart Cities
  6. Digital Revolution
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18
Q

What is the Doughnut model?

A
  • Represents the “safe zone” between social equity and environmental boundaries (Kate Haworth, 2017)
  • Era of the planetary household: the idea to manage our collective household in the context these inner and outer bounds
  • The outer ring shows the environmental boundary s.c. “planetary boundaries”
19
Q

What are “Planetary Boundaries”?

A
  • A list of 9 environmental boundaries
20
Q

How do ESG targets link with SDGs?

A

The link depends on the measures of sub-indicators, and which environmental, social or governance factors those measures relate to.

The SDGs are divided into ESG (Environmental, Social, Governance) groups

21
Q

How do ESG targets link with SDGs?

A

The link depends on the measures of sub-indicators, and which environmental, social or governance factors those measures relate to.

The SDGs are divided into ESG (Environmental, Social, Governance) groups

22
Q

How does the Doughnut link to ESG targets?

A

ENVIRONMENT: The outer bound defines environmental limits that should not be crossed

SOCIAL: the inner bound defines social standards that need to be met.

GOVERNANCE: is a bit more abstract and therefore harder to visualize. Lies in the “household management” that is needed to bring our systems in balance between the environmental ceiling and social standards, governance seems to be very much embedded in the Doughnut itself.

https://www.scrypt.media/2021/02/17/doughnut-model-sdg-esg-mapping/

23
Q

What conclusions can be made when mapping SDGs to the Doughnut Model?

A
  • SDGs are people-centric
  • Few SDGs are formulated in a way that defines multiple or all targets =› goals cancel each other out
  • Goal 17 is tough to place
23
Q

What conclusions can be made when mapping SDGs to the Doughnut Model?

A
  • SDGs are people-centric
  • Few SDGs are formulated in a way that defines multiple or all targets =› goals cancel each other out
  • Goal 17 is tough to place
24
Q

Why do some goals cancel other out or have a negative effect on other goals?

A

The targets relating to the goals might be vaguely formulated

25
Q

What are the characteristics of the SDGs located the center of the Doughnut?

A
  • They are linked to natural resources + both people and planet benefit from them
  • They have multiple indicators
26
Q

What conclusions can be drawn from mapping SDGs and ESG to the Doughnut model?

A
  • Complexity of the mappings can be a key barrier for progress (tough to understand and interpret the mapping)
  • Goals are canceling out each other
  • It might be better to define the middle ground (to solve the issue of complexity + understanding)
27
Q

How many goals are there?

A

17

they are cohesive and integrated package of global aspiration

28
Q

How many targets are there?

A

169

Every goal is articulated in different targets

29
Q

How many indicators are there?

A

240

monitor and review progress

30
Q

What is meant by indicator?

A

A specific, observable and measurable characteristic that can be used to show changes or progress a program is making toward achieving a specific outcome

31
Q

How to measure progress?

A

Use relevant indicators

32
Q

What is included in a decision situation?

A
  • scientifically-derived hard data (qualitative)
  • subjective interpretations (quantitative)
  • “fuzzy numbers”
33
Q

Environmental Impact Analysis (EIA)?

A
  • Administrative procedures for involving the population through specific participatory processess
  • Analys the likely environmental impacts of a proposed project or development, taking into account inter-related socio-economic, cultural and human-health impacts, both beneficial and adverse.
34
Q

Cost-Benefit Analysis (CBA)?

A

“A cost-benefit analysis is a systematic process that businesses use to analyze which decisions to make and which to forgo.”

  • Balance between advantages/disadvantages
  • Measure the economic efficiency + social aspect
  • Look at key indicators relating to economic feasibility
35
Q

Economic feasibility?

A

“The economic feasibility step of business development is that period during which a break-even financial model of the business venture is developed based on all costs associated with taking the product from idea to market and achieving sales sufficient to satisfy debt or investment requirements.”

36
Q

Multi-criteria Analysis (MCA)?

A
  • Increase the transparency of the decision process

“a set of systematic procedures for designing, evaluating, and selecting decision alternatives on the basis of conflicting and incommensurate criteria.”

  • GIS
37
Q

Anthropocene

A

“relating to or denoting the current geological age, viewed as the period during which human activity has been the dominant influence on climate and the environment.”

38
Q

What are the 9 planetary boundaries?

A
  1. Land-system change
  2. Biosphere integrity
  3. Climate change
  4. Novel entities
  5. Stratospheric ozone depletion
  6. Atmospheric aerosol loading
  7. Ocean acidification
  8. Biogeochemical flows
  9. Freshwater use
39
Q

What are the 3 main aims of the SDGs?

A
  1. End poverty
  2. Fight climate crisis
  3. Fight injustice and inequality
40
Q

What are the 3 main aims of the SDGs?

A
  1. End poverty
  2. Fight climate crisis
  3. Fight injustice and inequality
41
Q

MC-SDSS

A

Multi-criteria Spatial Decision Support System

“can be used to assess different criteria with different weights.”

42
Q

MC-SDSS process

A
  1. GIS (problem definition)
  2. MCA (design phase)
  3. GIS + MCA (choice phase)
  4. GIS + MCA (review phase)

SDG (1 decks)

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