Module 1

Question 1

Time critical scheduled medications

Answer 1

administer at exact time when necessary, or 20 mins before or after scheduled time

Question 2

Non time critical scheduled medications

Answer 2

daily, weekly, monthly medications, administer within 2 hours before or after scheduled time, no greater than 4 hours

Question 3

10 rights of medication administration

Answer 3

• Right drug/medication
• Right dose
• Right time
• Right route
• Right patient
• Right reason
• Right documentation
• Right evaluation
• Right patient education
• Right to refuse

Question 4

Definition: Drug

Answer 4

Any chemical that affects the physiological processes of a living organism

Question 5

Definition: Pharmacology

Answer 5

Study of drugs

Question 6

Generic drug name

Answer 6

Name given to a drug. ex. ibuprofen

Question 7

Trade drug name

Answer 7

Name made by manufacturers for a drug. ex. advil

Question 8

How can drugs be classified?

Answer 8

Structure or therapeutic use

Question 9

Definition: Pharmaceutics

Answer 9

How dosage influences the way drugs affect the body

Question 10

Definition: Pharmacokinetics

Answer 10

What the body does to the drug (absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion)

Question 11

Definition: Pharmacodynamics

Answer 11

What the drug does to the body

Question 12

Definition: Pharmacotherapeutics

Answer 12

How drugs prevent and treat diseases

Question 13

Time release technology

Answer 13

Used in tablets/capsules, drug molecules are released in GI tract over a period of time, released slower into the bloodstream

Question 14

Thin film drug delivery

Answer 14

Drugs that dissolve in the mouth, absorbed through oral mucosa

Question 15

Bioavailability

Answer 15

Extent of drug absorption

Question 16

First pass effect

Answer 16

Reduces bioavailability to less than 100% because liver metabolizes the drug, making less of the drug active

Question 17

What does it mean for something to have a high first pass effect?

Answer 17

Less drug is active because it’s being metabolized by liver

Question 18

Routes of absorption

Answer 18

Enteral, parenteral, topical, transdermal, inhalation

Question 19

Enteral route

Answer 19

Absorbed through stomach, small intestine, large intestine

-oral, buccal, sublingual, rectal

Question 20

Parenteral route

Answer 20

Any route other than GI tract, commonly through injection

Question 21

Topical route

Answer 21

Application of medication to body surfaces

-ointments, creams, gels

Question 22

Transdermal Application

Answer 22

Drugs delivered through adhesive drug patch for systemic drug effects

Question 23

Definition: Distribution

Answer 23

Transport of a drug by bloodstream to drug’s site of action

Question 24

Role of albumin in distribution of drugs

Answer 24

Most common blood protein carrier, when drugs are bound they are inactive, when they are unbound they are active

Question 25

What happens to drug distribution when someone has low albumin?

Answer 25

More active drug = risk of drug toxicity

Question 26

Metabolism/biotransformation

Answer 26

Alternation of drug into:

• inactive metabolite
• more soluble compound
• more potent metabolite
• less active metabolite

Question 27

What organ is responsible for biotransformation & how?

Answer 27

Most: liver (enzymes that target lipid soluble drug)

Others: muscle, kidneys, lungs, plasma, intestinal mucosa