Module 08: Oral Presentations in the Workplace

Question 1

The definition of speech are as varied and as numerous as found in the dictionaries and books that one can get hold of. One definition of speech is that it is the faculty or act of manner of speaking.

Answer 1

Speech

Question 2

Speech is characterized as what?

Answer 2

(1) Speech is also the thing or remark said
(2) Speech is meant to be the language of a group, region or nation.

Question 3

It is also a brief statement on foreign and domestic affairs and on the chief measured prepared by government and read by sovereign in person or by commission at opening of parliament.

Answer 3

Speech

Question 4

They defined speech as a communication of ideas and feelings by means of visible and audible symbols originating from the speaker.

Answer 4

James H. McBurney and Ernest J. Wrage

Question 5

Explain the nature of speech.

Answer 5

Whether it is private or public, original and interpretative, speech is all oral communication. It deals with thoughts and ideas to employ symbol sounds, words, inflections and gestures.

Question 6

Why is it important to use symbols in speech?

Answer 6

For the speaker’s ideas to get through to the listener and for the listener to interpret the ideas.

Question 7

When is speech or oral presentation good?

Answer 7

(1) The nature of the response (by the result of the speech on the listener)
(2) The soundness of the speaker’s position (by the truth of the speech)
(3) The motives and intentions of the speaker.
(4) The principles of the art of good speech

Question 8

When is the speech or oral presentation not good?

Answer 8

(1) These criteria may not always bring desired results because many factors influence the outcome.
(2) Sometimes, a good speaker may fail to get the results he wants; a poor speaker may win favorable results in spite of his weaknesses.
(3) For instance, a speaker may get good results not because of his speech but because of popularity, or because he has made promises of reward to those who would buy his products or espouse his cause.

Question 9

Who are sound speakers?

Answer 9

Not all who tell the truth are
believed to be sound speakers.
(2) Not all who sound truthful and sincere tell the truth although listeners naturally seek the best possible formula.

Question 10

What are the principles of good speech (oral presentation) by Mcburney and Wrage?

Answer 10

(1) Good speech is socially responsible.
(2) Good speech reveals a speaker with good personal qualifications.
(3) Good speech is directed to serve a specific purpose.
(4) Good speech deals with worthwhile subjects.
(5) Good speech is based on best available materials
(6) Good speech is analytical.
(7) Good speech is based on sound method.
(8) Good speech claims the attention and the interest of the listener.
(9) Good speech makes effective use of voice and bodily actions.
(10) Good speech uses good diction, language and style.

Question 11

Who are the authors of The Ladder to Effective Speaking?

Answer 11

Eugene E. White and Clair R. Henderlider

Question 12

What constitutes The Ladder to Effective Speaking?

Answer 12

Seven (7) Steps and Two (2) Handrails

Question 13

This handrail based on The Ladder to Effective Speaking pertains to audience and speech occasion.

Answer 13

Left Handrail

Question 14

What should the speaker do when dealing with the audience and speech occasion?

Answer 14

(1) The speaker should first analyze and know the audience that will listen.
(2) He should know the audience age and sex, educational background, occupation and professions as well as special groups (incumbent)
(3) It is imperative that the speaker knows of him and his subject.

Question 15

What should the speaker know when dealing with the audience and speech occasion.

Answer 15

(1) Nature of the meeting
(2) Numbers in the program
(3) Time allotment of the speech

Question 16

This handrail based on The Ladder to Effective Speaking pertains to speaker and purpose.

Answer 16

Right Handrail

Question 17

What should the speaker do when dealing with the speaker and the purpose?

Answer 17

(1) The subject should be within the speaker’s range of personality, reputation, and experience.
(2) The speaker must decide whether his purpose is to, PERSUADE, INFORM, or ENTERTAIN the audience.

Question 18

What are the seven (7) steps in the ladder to speech effectiveness?

Answer 18

(1) Gathering the material
(2) Organizing the Discussion or body of the speech
(3) Discovering and using supporting materials
(4) Developing the introduction
(5) Developing the conclusion
(6) Rehearsing the speech
(7) Delivering the speech

Question 18

Based on the seven (7) steps in the ladder to speech effectiveness, this process will equip the speaker in developing his topic.

Answer 18

Gathering the material

Question 19

How should the speaker gather the material?

Answer 19

(1) Think
(2) Observe
(3) Communicate with others
(4) Read

Question 20

Based on the seven (7) steps in the ladder to speech effectiveness, the points to be included in the speech should be jotted down.

Answer 20

Organizing the discussion or the body of the speech

Question 21

How many headings or major divisions should be their in the speech for it to be vital?

Answer 21

Two (2) to Five (5)

Question 22

Main head may be arranged according to any of the following patterns:

Answer 22

TIME, SPACE, TOPICAL, CAUSE & EFFECT, PROBLEM SOLUTION, and PROPOSITION OF FACT

Question 23

Based on the seven (7) steps in the ladder to speech effectiveness, principal points are to be explained, clarified and made interesting.

Answer 23

Discovering and using supporting materials

Question 24

Main headings may be supported by one of the following methods.

Answer 24

(1) Example
(2) Comparison
(3) Statistics
(4) Visual Aids
(5) Testimony

Question 25

Audience attention may be attained through materials considered in the context of:

Answer 25

(1) Proximity
(2) Significance
(3) Variety
(4) Vivid Concreteness
(5) Humor

Question 26

Based on the seven (7) steps in the ladder to speech effectiveness, this helps the speaker obtain favorable audience attention and gives the audience in turn, an orientation on the subject.

Answer 26

Developing the Introduction

Question 27

The introduction, about ______________ may employ any of the following devices as it endeavors to secure favorable
attention.

Answer 27

10% of the entire speech

Question 28

What are the devices used in developing the introduction?

Answer 28

1. Pointing to the significance of the subject.
2. Giving an illustration story.
3. Using humor.
4. Posing a stimulating question.
5. Referring to common interests, feelings, beliefs.
6. Using a stimulating quotation.
7. Stressing the importance of the occasion or purpose of the meeting.
8. Giving a pithy but interesting statement.
9. Complimenting the audience.

Question 29

In developing the introduction, the audience could be given an orientation to the subject through:

Answer 29

(1) Giving the point of the speech
(2) Listing the main headings of the discussion
(3) Providing necessary background explanation

Question 30

What should the speaker avoid in developing the introduction?

Answer 30

The introduction should refrain from offending, antagonizing, using irrelevant material, being long winded and apologizing.

Question 31

Based on the seven (7) steps in the ladder to speech effectiveness, this summarizes and restates the main points. In this, the speech outline gets completed when this is drawn.

Answer 31

Developing the conclusion

Question 32

What should be avoided when developing the conclusion?

Answer 32

(1) Introduction of a new material
(2) The conclusion should neither be abrupt nor long winded or else the audience’s attention will dissipate.

Question 33

The conclusion constitutes to how many percent of the entire speech?

Answer 33

5% of the entire speech (or oral presentation)

Question 34

What should be remembered when rehearsing a speech?

Answer 34

(1) Practice is important so that high quality performance may be accomplished.
(2) Rehearsal may be done alone or with other people after the outline is finished.
(3) Memorization of the sequence of the points is allowable, but that of the whole speech (oral presentation) is not advisable.

Question 35

When rehearsing a speech attention should be paid to what?

Answer 35

(1) Voice
(2) Language
(3) Diction
(4) Pronunciation
(5) Posture
(6) Bodily Movement
(7) Gestures
(8) Facial Expression

Question 36

What should the speaker keep in mind when delivering the speech itself?

Answer 36

(1) Keep the ideas in mind while the speech is being delivered.
(2) Eagerness to send messages should be conveyed with sincerity and naturalness.
(3) The mind should be filled with the content of the talk (hence there is hardly any room for stage fright)
(4) Notes may be used but eyes should be directed at the listeners most of the time.

Question 37

This helps achieve rapport, communion and communication between speaker and audience.

Answer 37

Audience contact or eye contact

Question 38

This leads to effective speech delivery.

Answer 38

Lively, enthusiastic, sincere and friendly discourse

Question 39

Explain the posture and the volume of the speaker when delivering the speech?

Answer 39

(1) The speaker’s volume of the voice is adjusted to the size of the audience and the acoustics of the hall.
(2) As the speaker, gesticulates, or changes position sparingly on the platform, surely, there is all the chance for an effective flow of ideas.