Module 07 Flashcards
Chapters 5 and 6
True or False: An evaluator should fabricate results if they believe it will benefit the study.
False
Fabricating results is a violation of ethical standards and undermines the integrity of the evaluation.
What is a key principle of culturally humble evaluation regarding cultural identity?
It acknowledges the complexity of cultural identity.
What is one responsibility of social workers regarding evaluation participants?
Obtain voluntary and written informed consent
What methods and approaches are emphasized in culturally humble evaluation?
Employing culturally congruent epistemologies, theories, and methods.
What does the principle of equipoise maintain?
Evaluation studies should only be conducted if there is true uncertainty about the treatment alternatives.
What is enculturation?
Enculturation is the process by which individuals learn and adopt the values, customs, and behaviors of their own culture. It shapes how people perceive the world and interact with others, which can influence the evaluation process.
What should be the primary consideration when weighing the delay of treatment in a control group?
The potential detriment or fatality of such delays
What is a common ethical problem in data analysis?
Being more invested in supporting theories than in testing them
Evaluators should remain neutral during analysis.
What should results be disseminated to generate?
Informed discussion
What role does nonverbal communication play in program evaluations?
Nonverbal communication, such as body language and facial expressions, can convey important information in an evaluation. It can influence how participants engage with the process and how evaluators interpret responses.
What ethical principles did Margaret violate during her interaction with the pregnant teenager?
- Assumed understanding of the teen’s problem without proper assessment
- Did not fully disclose the study’s purpose
- Exerted coercive influence to participate
- Suggested favorable impact on social worker’s perception
- Failed to inform about potential random assignment to control group
- Did not obtain parental consent
- Did not obtain the teen’s assent
These violations highlight the importance of ethical standards in research recruitment.
What should be considered for disseminating reports?
A variety of formats
What is a key practice when selecting variables for evaluation?
Base selection on the literature, avoiding a fishing expedition
This ensures relevance to the evaluation’s central questions.
What is essential regarding participation in data collection?
Voluntary participation
What is the focus of the next chapter after discussing ethical evaluation practices?
Cultural sensitivity in evaluation.
Understanding cultural contexts is essential for ethical and effective evaluation.
What should evaluators understand and respect regarding their client systems?
The full extent of social diversity
This understanding must be reflected in the selection and measurement of variables.
True or False: It is acceptable to conduct evaluation or research without consent procedures in all cases.
False
How does intercultural communication affect program evaluations?
Intercultural communication involves exchanging information between people from different cultural backgrounds. Misunderstandings or misinterpretations in this communication can impact the accuracy and validity of evaluation data.
What is a potential issue with ‘blanket’ consent forms?
Clients may not understand what they are consenting to
This can lead to ethical violations in participant involvement.
What is the purpose of debriefing in research?
To explain the true purpose of the evaluation and the necessity of any deception
Participants should also be offered support for any distress caused.
How is confidentiality typically ensured in studies?
By assigning a code number to each participant and combining data for summary results
What is cultural competence according to Cross et al. (1989)?
Cultural competence is a set of congruent behaviors, attitudes, and policies that enable systems, agencies, or professionals to work effectively in cross-cultural situations.
What must be protected during data collection?
Privacy
What role does “Tradition” play in cultural frameworks?
It involves the importance of historical and cultural practices in guiding behavior and decisions.
What is a potential risk for participants assigned to Group 3?
They may experience a decline in either their physical or emotional health
Who should be included in reporting?
All relevant stakeholder groups
What ethical dilemma can arise when disseminating evaluation findings?
Conflict between stakeholders such as the program, policymakers, advocacy groups, and funders regarding certain findings.
This can complicate the dissemination process, especially if stakeholders are displeased with negative results.
What is a potential ethical dilemma when evaluating new interventions?
Determining if the intervention is superior to existing ones
What is the role of institutional review boards (IRBs) in evaluation?
Guide researchers in ethical considerations
True or False: Participants can be penalized for not answering questions during the study.
False
What is a potential issue when revealing negative findings?
It can create an ethical dilemma regarding participants’ perceptions and reactions
Researchers must consider the impact of negative results on participants.
What is the focus of cultural competence in service provision?
Cultural competence focuses on building an understanding of minority cultures to better and more appropriately provide services.
What is emphasized in cultural humility according to Alsharif (2012)?
Cultural humility involves developing and practicing self-awareness and reflection to identify one’s preconceptions and worldview, while striving to respect differences and optimize care.
What should be ensured in the evaluation process?
Processes are culturally appropriate
Fill in the blank: Social workers should report evaluation and research findings _______.
[accurately]
How can the frequency and timing of data collection raise privacy issues?
Participants may need to be contacted after the main study is completed
Informed consent must include this information.
What must be considered when selecting an evaluation design?
The ethical implications of withholding treatment
What is a key consideration when measuring variables in an evaluation?
Avoid measurement methods with obvious biases
What is cultural awareness in the context of program evaluation?
Cultural awareness refers to the understanding and sensitivity to cultural differences, recognizing how these differences can influence both the evaluation process and the interpretation of results.
What does culturally humble evaluation aim to eliminate in social interactions?
It aims to recognize and eliminate bias in social relations.
What is the first step in focusing an evaluation?
Refine the evaluation question through the literature
What is a potential risk of random assignment in evaluation studies?
Participants may be assigned to a control group that receives no treatment.
What should participants be informed about regarding their participation in evaluation or research?
Their right to withdraw at any time without penalty
Why might a participant feel awkward about receiving a report after a study?
Due to changes in their circumstances or fear of being labeled
This is especially true for participants from vulnerable populations.
True or False: The evaluation process is a strictly linear process.
False
What does the cultural framework of “Orientation to Data” refer to?
How cultures prioritize and interpret data, including its collection and use in decision-making.
What ethical dilemma can arise when reporting findings to participants?
Maintaining participants’ confidentiality while providing feedback
This is particularly challenging for sensitive populations.
What must participants be informed about regarding their rights?
Participation is voluntary and can be discontinued at any time without penalty
How does culture impact the evaluation process?
Culture acts as a filter through which we perceive the world, a framework within which we process information, and an influence on our communication processes, all of which can shape the evaluation outcomes.
What are some methods for disseminating evaluation findings?
- Summaries
- Journal articles
- Books
- Press releases
- Flyers
- Posters
- Brochures
- Letters of thanks to study participants
- Newsletters
- Local conferences
- Seminars
These methods ensure that findings reach various stakeholders effectively.
Who should not collect data in a research study?
People who have authority over research participants.
What ethical principle ensures the welfare of research participants should be a primary goal?
Beneficence
What should data analysis follow to ensure results are fairly represented?
Appropriate methods
What should social workers ensure regarding the confidentiality of participants?
Ensure anonymity or confidentiality of participants and data
Will participant information be shared with others?
No, unless there is a belief that the participant is a danger to themselves or others, in which case Adult Protective Services will be notified
What is a potential ethical dilemma when evaluating new interventions?
Determining if the intervention is superior to existing ones