Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

HEALTH ASSESSMENT > Module 06: Administration of Medication (Part 01) > Flashcards

Module 06: Administration of Medication (Part 01) Flashcards

1
Q

This is the study of drugs and their interaction with living things which encompasses the physical, and chemical properties biochemical and physiologic effects.

A

Pharmacology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

This is any chemical that can affect living processes.

A

Drug

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

These are substances administered for the diagnosis, cure, treatment or relief of a symptom or for prevention of disease

A

Medication

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

This is the written direction for the preparation and administration of a drug.

A

Prescription

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

This is the art of preparing, compounding and dispensing drug.

A

Pharmacy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

This drug name describes the drug’s chemical structure (eg acetylsalicylic acid).

A

Chemical Name

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

This is the official, nonproprietary name, not owned by any company and universally accepted (eg. aspirin)

A

Generic Name

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

This drug name is the proprietary name, chosen by the drug company and registered as trademark (eg. St. Joseph’s Aspirin).

A

Trade or Brand Name

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

This type of medication is a liquid, powder, or foam deposited in a thin layer on the skin by air pressure.

A

Aerosol spray or foam

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

This type of medication is one or more drugs dissolved in water.

A

Aqueous Solution

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

This type of medication is one or more drugs finely divided in a liquid such as water.

A

Aqueous Suspension

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

This type of medication is a solid form, shaped like a capsule, coated and easily swallowed.

A

Caplet

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

This type of medication is in a gelatinous container to hold a drug in powder, liquid or oil form.

A

Capsule

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

This type of medication is non-greasy, semisolid preparation used on the skin,

A

Cream

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

This type of medication is a sweetened and aromatic solution of alcohol used as a vehicle for medicinal agents.

A

Elixir

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

This type of medication is a concentrated form of drug made from vegetables and animals.

A

Extract

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

This type of medication is a clear or translucent semisolid that liquefies when applied to the skin.

A

Gel or jelly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

This type of medication is a medication mixed with alcohol, oil, or soapy emollient and applied to the skin.

A

Liniment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

This type of medication is a liquid suspension on the skin.

A

Lotion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

This type of medication is a flat, round, or oval preparation that releases a drug when held in the mouth.

A

Lozenge (troche)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

This type of medication is a semisolid preparation of one or more drugs used for application of the skin and mucuos membranes.

A

Ointment (salve or unction)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

This type of medication is preparation like an ointment but thicker and stiff that penetrates the skin less than an ointment.

A

Paste

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

This type of medication is one or more drugs, mixed with cohesive material in oval round or flatted shapes.

A

Pili

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

This type of medication is a finely ground drug or drugs; some are used internally and some are used externally.

A

Powder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

This type of medication is one or several drugs mixed with a firm base such as gelatin and shaped for insertion into the body (eg the rectum); the base gradually dissolves at body temperature releasing the drug.

A

Suppository

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

This type of medication is an aqueous solution of sugar used to often disguised unpleasant tasting drugs.

A

Syrup

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

This type of medication is a powdered drug compressed into a hard, small disk where some are readily broken along a scored line and some are enteric coated to prevent them from dissolving in the stomach.

A

Tablet

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

This type of medication is an alcoholic or water and alcohol solution from drugs derived from plants.

A

Tincture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

This type of medication is a semipermeable membrane shaped in the form of a disk or a path that contains a drug to be absorbed through the skin over a long period of time.

A

Transdermal Path

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

What are the ten (10) rights to medication administration?

A

(1) Right Patient
(2) Right Route
(3) Right Time
(4) Right Drug
(5) Right Dose
(6) Right Documentation
(7) Right Education
(8) Right Refuse
(9) Right Assessment
(10) Right Evaluation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

This is the preferred and expected effect for which the medication is administered to a specific client. One medication may have more than one therapeutic effect (for example, one client administered with acetaminophen to lower fever whereas another can be administered to relieve pain.

A

Therapeutic Effect

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

This drug effect is usually expected and inevitable when a medication is given at a therapeutic dose. (For example, morphine sulfate given for pain relief usually results in constipation).

A

Side effect

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

These are undesired, inadvertent and unexpected dangerous effects of medication. These are usually identified according to the body system. (for example. the antibiotic gentamicin can cause a hearing impairment).

A

Adverse Effects

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

This drug effect pertains that medications can have specific risks and manifestations of toxicity For example. a client taking digoxin should be monitored closed for dysrhythmias and hypokalemia.

A

Toxic Effects

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

This type of drug relieves symptoms of a disease but does not affect the disease itself (eg. morphine sulfate and aspirin for pain)

A

Palliative

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

This type of drugs cures a disease or condition (eg. penicillin for infection).

A

Curative

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

This type of drug supports body functions until other treatments of the body response can take over (eg. norepinephrine bitartrate for low blood pressure and aspirin for high temperature).

A

Supportive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

This type of drug replaces body fluids or substances (eg thyroxine for hypothyroidism and insulin for diabetes mellitus).

A

Substitutive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

This type of medication destroys malignant cells (eg. busulfan for leukemia)

A

Chemotherapeutic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

This type of medication returns the body to health (eg. vitamins and mineral supplements).

A

Restorative

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

This pertains to an Immunologic reaction to a drug.

A

Drug Allergy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

When can drug allergy occur after administration?

A

May occur anytime from a few minutes to 2 weeks after administration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

This pertains to severe allergic reaction that occurs immediately after administration of the drug. May be fatal if symptoms goes unnoticed and treated immediately

A

Anaphylactic Reaction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

This exists in a client who exhibit an unusually low physiologic response to a drug and requires increases in the dosage to maintain a given therapeutic effect e.g. opioids, barbiturates.

A

Drug Tolerance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

This transpires when the administration of one drug before, at the same time or after another drug alters the effects of one or both drugs.

A

Drug Interaction (can be synergistic or antagonistic)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

This is a disease caused unintentionally by medical therapy

A

Iatrogenic disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

This pertains to the improper use of common medications that lead to acute or chronic toxicity

A

Misuse

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

This pertains to the inappropriate intake of substances, either continually or periodically

A

Abuse

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

This pertains to the reliance on or need to take a drug or substance, can either be Physiologic or Psychologic.

A

Dependence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

This pertains to a mild form of psychologic dependence, developing a habit of taking substance and feeling better after.

A

Habituation

48
Q

Under drug use, this pertains to street drugs which are sold illegally.

A

Illicit Drug

49
Q

These are forms of drugs found to be safe and appropriate for use without direct supervision of the HCP. It can be purchased without a prescription

A

Over the counter drugs or medications (OTC)

50
Q

What are some health teaching tips when buying over the counter drugs or medications?

A

(1) Read the instructions on the label
(2) Do not take for a longer time or higher doses than the label states
(3) Each person’s response may be different
(4) Avoid buying online
(5) Do not guess dosing for children

51
Q

PRN stands for what?

A

pro re nata which is a Latin phrase meaning as much as need

52
Q

This medication order in which the nurse has discretion regarding when to give the drug and in some case, how much to give. To implement this, the nurse must know the reason the drug is prescribed and be able to assess the patient’s medication needs.

A

PRN Medication

53
Q

Ac stands for what?

A

ante cibum which is a Latin phrase that denotes before meals

54
Q

Bid stands for what?

A

bis in die which is a Latin phrase that denotes twice a day

55
Q

QD stands for what?

A

quaque die which is a Latin phrase that denotes every day

56
Q

This is also known as compliance is defined as the extent to which a patient’s behavior coincides with medical advice.

A

Patient Adherence

57
Q

The word pharmacokinetics is coined from where?

A

Derived from two Greek words, Pharmakon (drug or poison) and kinesis (motion)

58
Q

This is the study of movement of drug throughout the body.

A

Pharmacokinetics

59
Q

What are the four (4) processes in pharmacokinetics?

A

(1) Absorption
(2) Distribution
(3) Metabolism
(4) Excretion

60
Q

This is the transmission of medications from
the location of administration to the bloodstream

A

Absorption

61
Q

What are the principles of absorption?

A

(1) The rate of medication absorption determines how soon the drug will take effect
(2) Amount of medication absorbed determines its intensity
(3) Route of administration affects the rate and amount of absorption

62
Q

What does the acronym safer pertains?

A

S – speak up
A - ask questions
F – find the facts
E – evaluate your choices
R – read labels

63
Q

What is the angle of injection for intramuscular?

A

90 degrees

64
Q

What is the angle of injection for subcutaneous ?

A

45 degrees

65
Q

What is the angle of injection for intravenous?

A

25 degrees

66
Q

What is the angle of injection for intradermal?

A

10 to 15 degrees

67
Q

Which is generally preferred oral administration of parenteral administration?

A

Oral Administration

68
Q

What are the situations wherein parenteral administration may be superior?

A

(1) Emergencies requiring rapid onset
(2) Plasma drug levels are strictly controlled
(3) Drugs that are destroyed by gastric juices, GI enzymes or hepatic enzymes
(4) Drugs that causes severe local irritation or injury
(5) Treatment for systemic disorder with drugs that cannot cross membranes
(6) Patients unable to take drugs orally

69
Q

This route of administration pass from the intestinal lumen to the liver via the portal vein In this, the liver metabolize drugs to an inactive form and are excreted

A

Enteric route

70
Q

This reduces the amount of active drug available to exert a pharmacologic effect

A

First Pass Effect

71
Q

This refers to the percentage of administered drug available for activity.

A

Bioavailability

72
Q

What is the bioavailability of oral drugs?

A

The bioavailability of oral drugs are affected by
absorption and first-pass effect while lV drugs are 100%,

73
Q

This pertains to the transportation of medications to sites of action by bodily fluids

A

Distribution

74
Q

Distribution may be affected by what:

A

(1) Travel to site of action
(2) Plasma protein binding and free drugs
(3) Blood brain barrier and other barriers

75
Q

These are changes medications into less active/ inactive form by the action of enzymes

A

Metabolism (occurs primarily in the lungs, liver, kidneys, bowel and blood)

76
Q

What are the factors that may affect metabolism?

A

(1) Age
(2) First Pass Effect
(3) Metabolic Pathway
(4) Nutritional Status

77
Q

What are some outcomes of metabolism?

A

(1) Increased renal excretion
(2) Inactivation of medications
(3) Increased therapeutic effect
(4) Activation of prodrugs
(5) Decreased toxicity

78
Q

This is compound that is metabolized into an
active pharmacologic substance

A

Prodrug

79
Q

This is the time it takes for the amount of drug in the body to be reduced by half

A

Half Time

80
Q

This pertains to the plateau drug level, amount of drug administered is equal to the amount being eliminated (optimal therapeutic effect), approx. 4 half lives

A

Steady State

81
Q

This pertains to the approach of giving a large initial dose so therapeutic effect is achieved while a steady state is reached

A

Loading

82
Q

This pertains to the dose needed to maintain drug concentration at a steady state, consistent dosing and interval

A

Maintenance

83
Q

This pertains to the elimination of drugs from the body. Mainly through the kidneys but may also be through bile, lungs, saliva, sweat and breastmilk.

A

Excretion

84
Q

This may lead to an increase in duration and intensity of medication response

A

Renal Dysfunction

85
Q

As per excretion, what should you check for kidney function?

A

Bun and Creatinine

86
Q

As per excretion, what should you check in the liver?

A

(1) Alanine Transaminase (ALT)
(2) Aspartate Transferase (AST)

87
Q

This is the study of the effects of the drugs on the body. Drugs that act within the body to mimic the actions of the body’s own chemical messengers

A

Pharmacodynamics

88
Q

Explain the dose-response relationship

A

Body’s physiologic response changes in drug concentration at the site of action

89
Q

This refers to the amount of drug to elicit a specific response from a drug

A

Potency

90
Q

Under dose-response relationship, this happens when increasing a drug dosage no longer increases the response

A

Maximal Efficiency

91
Q

This describes the relationship between the therapeutic dose of the drug and the toxic dose of a drug

A

Therapeutic Index

92
Q

This has a wide safety margin no need for routine serum drug level monitoring

A

High Therapeutic Index

93
Q

This has a has a narrow safety margin serum drug levels should be monitored

A

Low Therapeutic Index

94
Q

Under onset peak and duration, this pertains to the time it takes for the drug to reach MEC.

A

Onset

95
Q

This pertains to the amount of drug required for drug effect.

A

Minimum effective concentration

96
Q

Under onset peak and duration, this transpires when drug reaches its highest concentration in the blood

A

Peak

97
Q

Under onset peak and duration, the length of time the drug exerts a therapeutic effect

A

Duration

98
Q

This medication can mimic the receptor activity
regulated by endogenous compounds

A

Agonist

99
Q

This medication can block normal receptor activity regulated by endogenous compounds.

A

Antagonist

100
Q

This pertains to the limited affinity to receptor sites

A

Partial Antagonist

101
Q

This pertains to drugs that can affect multiple receptor sites.

A

Nonspecific Drugs

102
Q

These are drugs that can affect multiple receptor.

A

Nonselective Drugs

103
Q

Mechanism of Action of drugs include:

A
  1. Stimulation
  2. Depression
  3. Irritation
  4. Replacement
  5. Cytotoxic action
  6. Antimicrobial
  7. Modification of immune status
104
Q

This type of drug reaction pertains to the degree of detrimental effects caused by excessive drug dosing

A

Toxicity

105
Q

This type of drug reaction pertains to the sensitization of the immune system

A

Allergic Reaction

106
Q

This type of drug reaction pertains to the uncommon drug response due to genetic predisposition.

A

Idiosyncratic Effect

107
Q

This type of drug reaction pertains to the opposite of the intended drug response.

A

Paradoxical Effect

108
Q

This type of drug reaction pertains to the disease caused by drugs.

A

Iatrogenic Disease

109
Q

This type of drug reaction pertains to the state in which the body has adapted to drug exposure, will cause abstinence syndrome if discontinued

A

Physical Dependence

110
Q

This type of drug reactions pertains to cancer causing.

A

Carcinogenic Effect

111
Q

This type of drug reactions pertains to drug induced birth defect,

A

Teratogenic Disease

112
Q

These are types of toxicities.

A

Hepatotoxic/ Ototoxicity/ Nephrotoxicity

113
Q

What are some factors affecting medication action?

A

(1) Developmental factors
(2) Gender
(3) Genetic and Cultural Factors
(4) Diet
(5) Environment
(6) Illness and Disease
(7) Time of Administration

114
Q

The nurses are responsible for what:

A

(1) Having knowledge of international and local laws, and health care facility policies that govern the prescribing, dispensing and administration of medications
(2) Preparing, administering, and evaluating client responses to medications
(3) Developing and maintaining an up-to-date knowledge base of medications administered, including uses, mechanisms of action, routes of administration, safe dosage range, side effects, adverse responses, precautions, and contraindications
(4) Maintaining acceptable practice and skill competency
(5) Determining accuracy of medication prescriptions
(6) Reporting all medication errors
(7) Safeguarding and storing medications

115
Q

These are medications that are given on a regular schedule with or without a termination date. Prescription will be in effect until the HCP discontinues the drug or the patient is discharged

A

Standard Precaution

116
Q

This medication prescription pertains to one time prescription

A

Single Prescription

117
Q

This medication prescription stipulates at what dosage, what frequency and condition a medication may be given

A

PRN

117
Q

These medication prescription are given only once and given immediately

A

Stat Prescription

118
Q

These medication prescription are written for specific circumstance, may or may not have a termination date and carried out until an order to cancel it is given

A

Standing prescription

119
Q

What are the components of a prescription order?

A

(1) Client’s name
(2) Date and time of prescription
(3) Name of medication
(4) Dosage of medication
(5) Route of administration
(6) Time and Frequency of medication
(7) Signature of prescriber

HEALTH ASSESSMENT (12 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions