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funda - sleep & rest > Module 05 - SLEEP AND REST > Flashcards

Module 05 - SLEEP AND REST Flashcards

1
Q

Sleep provides?

A

Healing and Restoration

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2
Q

cyclical physiological process that alternates with longer periods
of wakefulness

A

Sleep

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3
Q

It influences and regulates physiological
function and behavioral responses

A

Sleep-wake cycle

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4
Q

This are when people experience cyclical rhythms as part of their everyday lives

A

CIRCADIAN RHYTHMS

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5
Q

This is known as the most familiar rhythm is the 24-hour, day-night cycle

A

DIURNAL OR CIRCADIAN RHYTHM

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6
Q

What is SCN

A

suprachiasmatic nucleus nerve cells

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7
Q

Is in the hypothalamus control the rhythm of the sleep-wake cycle and coordinate this cycle with other circadian rhythms

A

suprachiasmatic nucleus
(SCN) nerve cells

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8
Q

What are the two Circadian rhythms that influences?

A

Major Biological
Behavioral Functions

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9
Q

What are the examples of predictable changing in 24-hour circadian cycle?

A

Body temperature
Heart Rate
Blood pressure
Hormone secretion
Sensory Acuity
Mood (depend on the maintenance of 24 hr)

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10
Q

What are the factors the affect circadian rhythms and daily sleep-wake cycle?

A

Light
Temperature
Social Activities
Work routines

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11
Q

What does people have that synchronize their sleep cycles?

A

biological clocks

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12
Q

Examples of Sleep cycle disturbances?

A

Anxiety, restlessness, irritability,
and impaired judgment

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13
Q

In Sleep Regulation, sleep involves a sequence of physiological states maintained by highly integrated_____

A

CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM (CNS)

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14
Q

what parts that will associated with the changes of sleep regulations?

A

peripheral nervous
endocrine
cardiovascular
respiratory
muscular systems

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15
Q

It measures electrical activity in the cerebral cortex

A

Electroencephalogram (EEG)

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16
Q

It measures muscle tone

A

Electromyogram (EMG)

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17
Q

It measures eye movements, provide
information about some structural physiological aspects of sleep

A

Electrooculogram (EOG)

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18
Q

This is the major sleep center of the body

A

Hypothalamus

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19
Q

It is secretes to promote wakefulness

A

Hypocretins (orexins) and

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20
Q

located in the upper brainstem contains special cells that maintain alertness and wakefulness.

A

(ascending) Reticular Activating System
(RAS)

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21
Q

What stimuli does RAS receive?

A

visual, auditory,
pain, and tactile sensory stimuli.

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22
Q

Neurotransmitter have Arousal, wakefulness and maintenance of consciousness result from neurons in the RAS releasing catecholamines

A

norepinephrine

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23
Q

What are the two process help to regulate sleep/wake cycles?

A

homeostatic process (Process S) and
circadian rhythms (Process C: “biological time clocks”)

24
Q

primarily regulates the length and depth of sleep

A

homeostatic process

25
Q

influence the internal organization of sleep and the timing and duration of sleep-wake cycles

A

biological time clocks

26
Q

This is defined by intersection of Tome of wake-up cycle?

A

Process S and Process C

27
Q

What are the two stages of sleep?

A
  1. nonrapid eye movement
    (NREM) sleep
  2. rapid eye movement (REM) sleep
28
Q

In the classical definition of NREM sleep,people progress through four stages during a typical, what minutes of sleep cycle?

A

90-minute sleep cycle

29
Q

The quality of sleep from what stages becomes increasingly deep?

A

From stage 1 through stage 3

30
Q

Lighter sleep characteristic of what stage when a person is more easily arousable

A

stages 1 and 2

31
Q

Activity from the cerebral cortex (emotions or thought process, what are the other stimulate of this?

A

RAS

32
Q

What stages that Involves a deeper sleep called slow-wave sleep, from which person is more difficult to arouse?

A

Stages 3 and 4

33
Q

There is increased brain activity associated with rapid eye movements and muscle atonia

A

During REM (Rapid eye Movement)

34
Q
  • Stage of lightest level of sleep, lasting a few minutes.
  • Decreased physiological activity begins with gradual fall in vital signs and metabolism.
  • Sensory stimuli such as noise easily arouse sleeper.
  • If awakened, person feels as though daydreaming has occurred
A

N1 (Formerly Stage 1)

35
Q
  • Stage of sound sleep during which relaxation progresses.
  • Arousal is still relatively easy.
  • Brain and muscle activity continue to slow.
A

N2 (Formerly Stage 2)

36
Q
  • Called slow-wave sleep.
  • Deepest stage of sleep.
  • Sleeper is difficult to arouse and rarely moves.
  • Brain and muscle activity are significantly decreased.
  • Vital signs are lower than during waking hours.
A

N3 (Formerly Stages 3 and 4)

37
Q
  • Vivid, full-color dreaming occurs.
  • Stage usually begins about 90 minutes after sleep has begun.
  • Stage is typified by autonomic response of rapidly moving eyes, fluctuating
    heart and respiratory rates, and increased or fluctuating blood pressure.
  • Loss of skeletal muscle tone occurs.
  • Gastric secretions increase.
  • It is very difficult to arouse sleeper.
  • Duration of REM sleep increases with each cycle and averages 20 minutes.
A

REM Sleep (25% of Night)

38
Q

What period normally sleep lasts

A

10 to 30 minutes.

39
Q

time of restoration, memory consolidation, and
preparation for the next period of wakefulness

A

Sleep functions

40
Q

What are the adult’s heart rate during sleep, thus preserving cardiac function

A

decreases from a normal average of 70 to 80 beats/min to 60 beats/
min or less

41
Q

What other biological functions that decrease during sleep

A

respirations, temperature, blood pressure, and muscle tone

42
Q

During NREM stage 3 sleep, the body releases human growth hormone for the repair and renewal of epithelial and specialized cells, such as?

A

brain cells

43
Q

the renewal of tissues also occur
during rest and sleep

A

Protein synthesis and cell division

44
Q

It lower during sleep which conserves the energy supply of the body

A

basal metabolic rate

45
Q

Researchers associate REM sleep with changes in these factors

A

the brain, including cerebral blood flow and increased cortical activity

46
Q

What factors that may affect sleep deprivation

A

immune function, metabolism, nitrogen balance, and protein catabolism.

47
Q

A loss of REM sleep often leads to what

A

confusion and suspicion.

48
Q

Individuals with sleep problems are also more likely to have chronic diseases, what are these diseases?

A

hypertension, cardiovascular disease, diabetes
mellitus, obesity, and depression

49
Q

more vivid and elaborate, and some believe
that they are functionally important to learning, memory processing, and adaptation to stress

A

The dreams of REM sleep

50
Q

occur during both NREM and REM sleep

A

Dreams

51
Q

in content throughout the night from dreams about current events to emotional dreams of childhood or the past.

A

REM dreams progress

52
Q

This is when the person is unaware of fears

A

bizarre dreams

53
Q

Any illness that causes pain, physical discomfort, or mood problems such as anxiety or depression often results in sleep problems.

A

Physical Illness

54
Q

Patients with chronic lung disease such as emphysema are short of breath and frequently cannot sleep without two or three pillows to raise their heads

A

Respiratory disease

55
Q

during the night, disrupts sleep and the sleep
cycle, often leading to excessive daytime sleepiness or fatigue

A

Nocturia, or urination

56
Q

What does RLS means

A

restless legs syndrome

57
Q
A

funda - sleep & rest (1 decks)

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