Module 02 Flashcards
what is epidemiology
the study of how diseases spread and what causes them
- also looks at the information needed to stop and control health problems
how does epidemiology help health professionals
it helps health professionals make informed decisions on how to best use resources to prevent diseases and promote health
what role do measurements and assessments have in shaping health
reveal the need for health interventions. they provide evidence on whether or not health interventions are effective
what are the two considerations for reaching data sovereignty
- decolonization of data
- indigenous data governance
what is sovereignty
the full and right power of a governing body over itself, without any interference from outside sources or bodies
what are the five d’s of the decolonization of data
disparity, depravation, disadvantage, dysfunction, and difference
what is incidence
measures how quickly new cases of a disease arise in a population over a defined period of time
what is prevalence
tells us about the number of existing cases of that disease in a given population
- # pf cases / total population
what is point prevalence
- a measure of the proportion of the population that has a certain disease at a specific point in time
what is period prevalence
a measure of the proportion of the population that has a certain disease over a defined period of time
what is the difference between incidence and prevalence
incidence only considers new cases within the at risk population
what is cumulative incidence
a measure of the proportion of the population who develop the disease of a period of time
how do you calculate cumulative incidence
cumulative incidence = # of new cases of a disease over a period of time / total population at risk
what is incidence density rate
focuses on the length of time people were at risk of disease
how do you calculate incidence density rate
incidence rate = # of people who develop the disease/ # of person years at risk of disease
