Modes of non-invasive ventilation

Question 1

What are the NIV mode options?

Answer 1

Pressure support
CPAP
BiPAP or Bilevel (Also called S/T spontaneous time)
AVAPS ( Average volume assured pressure support)
PAV or PPV (proportional assist ventilation)

Question 2

When is CPAP typically use ?

Answer 2

When WOB is relatively normal or mild
- To recruit collapse lung units
- decrease venous return and improve compliance
CPAP level is btw 5-15 cmH20 (Set FiO2 based on sat goals)

Question 3

BiPaP and BiLevel

Answer 3

most common mode to use when WOB is elevated
EPAP + IPAP
these are absolute pressures so care must be takes when titrating EPAP

Question 4

What are some of the effects of O2 toxicity ?

Answer 4

-increased mucous production
–decreased compliance
-Atelectasis and FRC
- decreased diffusion capacity
-increased alveolar debris
-decreased pulmonary immune response
-decreased ciliary motility
- capillary inflammation and injury risk of micro-emboli